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<p>Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials worldwide, but its primary binding component, cement, is energy-intensive to produce and contributes nearly 5% of global CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. To address these environmental challenges, the use of industrial by-products as supplementary cementitious materials has gained significant attention. This study provides a comprehensive review of the application of waste glass powder (WGP) as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. The review systematically analyzes recent research on WGP’s pozzolanic activity, its influence on calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) formation, and its effects on concrete properties, including workability, compressive and flexural strength, permeability, and long-term durability under various curing conditions. Findings indicate that replacing 10–20% of cement with finely ground WGP optimizes concrete performance while reducing cement demand and CO₂ emissions. Additionally, the use of WGP supports waste glass recycling, thereby contributing to the achievement of circular economy goals. The study concludes that WGP is a promising eco-efficient cement substitute, providing recommendations for its practical implementation in sustainable construction.</p>

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From landfill to concrete: a comprehensive review of waste glass powder for sustainable cement replacement, environmental impact Reduction, and enhanced concrete performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月27日

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  • Maryam Basil Ishaq,
  • Ahmed Salih Mohammed

摘要

Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials worldwide, but its primary binding component, cement, is energy-intensive to produce and contributes nearly 5% of global CO2 emissions. To address these environmental challenges, the use of industrial by-products as supplementary cementitious materials has gained significant attention. This study provides a comprehensive review of the application of waste glass powder (WGP) as a partial replacement for cement in concrete. The review systematically analyzes recent research on WGP’s pozzolanic activity, its influence on calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) formation, and its effects on concrete properties, including workability, compressive and flexural strength, permeability, and long-term durability under various curing conditions. Findings indicate that replacing 10–20% of cement with finely ground WGP optimizes concrete performance while reducing cement demand and CO₂ emissions. Additionally, the use of WGP supports waste glass recycling, thereby contributing to the achievement of circular economy goals. The study concludes that WGP is a promising eco-efficient cement substitute, providing recommendations for its practical implementation in sustainable construction.