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<p>The accumulation of plastic waste has emerged as a pressing environmental concern, particularly due to its persistence in ecosystems and low global recycling rate of only 14%. Reverse logistics, which refers to the backward flow of used materials from consumers to producers for recovery and reuse, offers a strategic pathway to mitigate plastic pollution and support circular economy goals. This study presents a comprehensive literature review of reverse logistics applications in plastic waste management, focusing on frameworks, drivers, barriers, and mathematical models that have been developed across various sectors. A systematic review methodology was employed, encompassing a keyword-based search across Scopus and Google Scholar databases, resulting in the selection of 494 relevant articles published between 2005 and 2022. The study reveals that reverse logistics practices in plastic waste are underexplored compared to other sectors such as manufacturing and electronics. Most existing models rely on deterministic approaches, with mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) being the most frequently used technique for optimizing facility locations and minimizing transportation costs, which account for 25% of total recycling expenses. Key drivers identified include government regulations, economic incentives, and corporate responsibility, while barriers span technological, financial, organizational, and infrastructural domains. Despite progress, significant gaps remain, including the need for empirical validation of reverse logistics models specifically for different plastic types and enhanced integration of stakeholder participation. The findings underscore the importance of tailored reverse logistics frameworks and policy interventions to improve plastic waste collection, sorting, and remanufacturing processes. This review contributes valuable insights for academics, policymakers, and industry professionals aiming to develop efficient, sustainable, and economically viable reverse logistics systems to address the global plastic waste crisis. The scientific value of this study lies in its comprehensive, multi-dimensional synthesis of reverse logistics applications in plastic waste management of an area that remains underexplored in existing literature. By integrating technical modeling, policy review, and implementation challenges, this review offers a foundational reference for future academic research and policy design.</p>

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Modeling and managing plastic waste through reverse logistics: a global systematic review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月4日

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  • Sachin Kumar,
  • Sanjeev Sinha,
  • Rajesh Ranjan,
  • Samir Saurav

摘要

The accumulation of plastic waste has emerged as a pressing environmental concern, particularly due to its persistence in ecosystems and low global recycling rate of only 14%. Reverse logistics, which refers to the backward flow of used materials from consumers to producers for recovery and reuse, offers a strategic pathway to mitigate plastic pollution and support circular economy goals. This study presents a comprehensive literature review of reverse logistics applications in plastic waste management, focusing on frameworks, drivers, barriers, and mathematical models that have been developed across various sectors. A systematic review methodology was employed, encompassing a keyword-based search across Scopus and Google Scholar databases, resulting in the selection of 494 relevant articles published between 2005 and 2022. The study reveals that reverse logistics practices in plastic waste are underexplored compared to other sectors such as manufacturing and electronics. Most existing models rely on deterministic approaches, with mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) being the most frequently used technique for optimizing facility locations and minimizing transportation costs, which account for 25% of total recycling expenses. Key drivers identified include government regulations, economic incentives, and corporate responsibility, while barriers span technological, financial, organizational, and infrastructural domains. Despite progress, significant gaps remain, including the need for empirical validation of reverse logistics models specifically for different plastic types and enhanced integration of stakeholder participation. The findings underscore the importance of tailored reverse logistics frameworks and policy interventions to improve plastic waste collection, sorting, and remanufacturing processes. This review contributes valuable insights for academics, policymakers, and industry professionals aiming to develop efficient, sustainable, and economically viable reverse logistics systems to address the global plastic waste crisis. The scientific value of this study lies in its comprehensive, multi-dimensional synthesis of reverse logistics applications in plastic waste management of an area that remains underexplored in existing literature. By integrating technical modeling, policy review, and implementation challenges, this review offers a foundational reference for future academic research and policy design.