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<p>Buildings with re-entrant corners have historically exhibited poor earthquake performance, and insufficient separation gaps (S<sub>g</sub>) have led to pounding, resulting in significant loss of life and economy. Code provisions restrict projections based on their length and area. Also, mitigating pounding based on minimum S<sub>g</sub>, related to building height and modified elastic displacements, often overlooks key performance factors and inadequately addresses pounding effects, especially in diagonal directions. To date, no study has focused on the effect of pounding in buildings with re-entrant corners considering varying heights. This study considers three configurations of buildings with re-entrant corners having (i) H-, T-, and Z-shape plans, (ii) 15 and 30% length of projection, and (iii) 5-, 10- and 20-story height. The analysis includes elastic response spectrum analysis (RSA), inelastic (i) pushover analysis (NLPoA), and time history analysis (NLTHA) under uni- and bi-directional shaking. Under bi-directional shaking, beam and column yield 95 and 59%, indicating that a higher projection ratio compromises building integrity and is not suitable for construction. Buildings with the same projection length (A/L) but higher projection area (A<sub>p</sub>/A<sub>g</sub>) evidenced a higher percentage of yielding in structural elements, highlighting the critical importance of both the A/L and A<sub>p</sub>/A<sub>g</sub> in building performance. Buildings are more susceptible to diagonal pounding than in the translational X- or Y-direction. To mitigate this risk of pounding and improve earthquake resilience, limiting a maximum drift of 0.024H for all buildings in both translational and diagonal directions is proposed, in addition to the existing provisions for S<sub>g</sub>.</p>

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Mitigating pounding through drift limitations: a focus on buildings with re-entrant corner

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月27日

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  • Ananda Mitra,
  • Shailesh Lahoti,
  • A. Laghate,
  • G. Tamizharasi,
  • R. Senthilkumar

摘要

Buildings with re-entrant corners have historically exhibited poor earthquake performance, and insufficient separation gaps (Sg) have led to pounding, resulting in significant loss of life and economy. Code provisions restrict projections based on their length and area. Also, mitigating pounding based on minimum Sg, related to building height and modified elastic displacements, often overlooks key performance factors and inadequately addresses pounding effects, especially in diagonal directions. To date, no study has focused on the effect of pounding in buildings with re-entrant corners considering varying heights. This study considers three configurations of buildings with re-entrant corners having (i) H-, T-, and Z-shape plans, (ii) 15 and 30% length of projection, and (iii) 5-, 10- and 20-story height. The analysis includes elastic response spectrum analysis (RSA), inelastic (i) pushover analysis (NLPoA), and time history analysis (NLTHA) under uni- and bi-directional shaking. Under bi-directional shaking, beam and column yield 95 and 59%, indicating that a higher projection ratio compromises building integrity and is not suitable for construction. Buildings with the same projection length (A/L) but higher projection area (Ap/Ag) evidenced a higher percentage of yielding in structural elements, highlighting the critical importance of both the A/L and Ap/Ag in building performance. Buildings are more susceptible to diagonal pounding than in the translational X- or Y-direction. To mitigate this risk of pounding and improve earthquake resilience, limiting a maximum drift of 0.024H for all buildings in both translational and diagonal directions is proposed, in addition to the existing provisions for Sg.