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<p>This study utilized Central Composite Design (CCD) to create a predictive model for the compressive and flexural strength of concrete making use of both rice husk ash (RHA) and sawdust ash (SDA). Concrete mixes with 0–25% RHA, 0–25% SDA, and W/C (water-cement ratio) between 0.4 and 0.6 were analyzed. A mix with 100% cement and 25% RHA at a W/C of 0.35 achieved a compressive strength of 20.56&#xa0;N/mm², while another with 100% cement and no RHA or SDA at the same W/C slightly surpassed it at 20.77&#xa0;N/mm². The highest flexural strength of 3.30&#xa0;N/mm² was observed in a mix with 100% cement and no RHA or SDA at a W/C of 0.35, whereas the lowest was 1.8&#xa0;N/mm² with 50% cement, 25% RHA, and 25% SDA. The quadratic model showed strong predictive power, with adjusted R-squared values of 0.9654 for compressive strength and 0.9468 for flexural strength. Optimal mix conditions were 98.641% cement, 13.235% RHA, 1.522% SDA, and a W/C of 0.402, yielding a compressive strength of 21.177&#xa0;N/mm² and flexural strength of 3.324&#xa0;N/mm². Validation with a student t-test confirmed the model’s accuracy.</p>

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Predictive modeling and optimization of process parameters of cement concrete using central composite design

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月17日

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  • Oluwatosin Gabriel Oyesanya,
  • Michael Ebie Onyia

摘要

This study utilized Central Composite Design (CCD) to create a predictive model for the compressive and flexural strength of concrete making use of both rice husk ash (RHA) and sawdust ash (SDA). Concrete mixes with 0–25% RHA, 0–25% SDA, and W/C (water-cement ratio) between 0.4 and 0.6 were analyzed. A mix with 100% cement and 25% RHA at a W/C of 0.35 achieved a compressive strength of 20.56 N/mm², while another with 100% cement and no RHA or SDA at the same W/C slightly surpassed it at 20.77 N/mm². The highest flexural strength of 3.30 N/mm² was observed in a mix with 100% cement and no RHA or SDA at a W/C of 0.35, whereas the lowest was 1.8 N/mm² with 50% cement, 25% RHA, and 25% SDA. The quadratic model showed strong predictive power, with adjusted R-squared values of 0.9654 for compressive strength and 0.9468 for flexural strength. Optimal mix conditions were 98.641% cement, 13.235% RHA, 1.522% SDA, and a W/C of 0.402, yielding a compressive strength of 21.177 N/mm² and flexural strength of 3.324 N/mm². Validation with a student t-test confirmed the model’s accuracy.