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<p>The construction sector significantly contributes to global carbon emissions, with conventional concrete production responsible for nearly 8% of total CO₂ emissions. To address the urgent need for sustainable alternatives, this study investigates the environmental performance of geopolymer concrete (GPC) incorporating fly ash and slag as primary precursors. The objective is to assess the potential of GPC as a low-carbon substitute for traditional Portland cement concrete through a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA). The LCA follows ISO 14,040 and 14,044 guidelines, employing SimaPro software with the Ecoinvent database for inventory data. A functional unit of 1&#xa0;m³ of concrete and a “cradle-to-gate” system boundary are defined for the analysis. Environmental impacts are evaluated across multiple categories, including global warming potential (GWP), acidification, eutrophication, and human toxicity, using the ReCiPe Midpoint (H) method. The results demonstrate that GPC made with fly ash and slag shows a substantial reduction in environmental burdens, particularly in GWP, with reductions of up to 45% compared to ordinary portland cement concrete. This indicates the significant potential of fly ash and slag-based GPC in reducing the environmental footprint of the construction industry. The study contributes valuable insights into sustainable material selection and supports the broader adoption of low-impact construction practices in infrastructure development.</p>

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Life Cycle Assessment of geopolymer concrete using Flyash and Slag for sustainable infrastructure

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月5日

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  • Sharada Polusani,
  • V. Vinayaka Ram,
  • M. V. Seshagiri Rao

摘要

The construction sector significantly contributes to global carbon emissions, with conventional concrete production responsible for nearly 8% of total CO₂ emissions. To address the urgent need for sustainable alternatives, this study investigates the environmental performance of geopolymer concrete (GPC) incorporating fly ash and slag as primary precursors. The objective is to assess the potential of GPC as a low-carbon substitute for traditional Portland cement concrete through a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA). The LCA follows ISO 14,040 and 14,044 guidelines, employing SimaPro software with the Ecoinvent database for inventory data. A functional unit of 1 m³ of concrete and a “cradle-to-gate” system boundary are defined for the analysis. Environmental impacts are evaluated across multiple categories, including global warming potential (GWP), acidification, eutrophication, and human toxicity, using the ReCiPe Midpoint (H) method. The results demonstrate that GPC made with fly ash and slag shows a substantial reduction in environmental burdens, particularly in GWP, with reductions of up to 45% compared to ordinary portland cement concrete. This indicates the significant potential of fly ash and slag-based GPC in reducing the environmental footprint of the construction industry. The study contributes valuable insights into sustainable material selection and supports the broader adoption of low-impact construction practices in infrastructure development.