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<p>The rapid expansion of cement production has emerged as a significant contributor to carbon dioxide emissions, aggravating the urgent problem of global warming. In response to this environmental challenge, a multitude of researchers have undertaken efforts to strengthen and prolong the lifespan of concrete. This endeavour involves replacing cement with fly ash, a by product of various industrial processes. The creation of self-compaction geopolymer concrete (SCGC) using industrial byproducts has the potential to effectively address the demand for effective and sustainable building materials worldwide. When mixed with an alkali activator solution, fly ash undergoes a transformation, resulting in the formation of geopolymer concrete an environmentally beneficial substitute for traditional concrete. Although its environmental benefits, geopolymer concrete has several drawbacks, particularly its vulnerability to failure as a result of insufficient compaction. Innovatively addressing this issue is self-compacting concrete, which offers a solution by being able to fill every corner of the formwork using its own weight. To address the challenges posed by inadequate compaction and environmental degradation, a new type of concrete has been introduced: high performance geopolymer concrete. However, this concrete faces two limitations: a delay in setting time and the requirement for heat curing to enhance strength. This research aims to investigate the influence of the concentration of sodium hydroxide (molarity) and the ratio between alkaline activator to fly ash(AA/FA) on the workability, mechanical characteristics, and microstructure of self-compacting geopolymer concrete. A total of 15 sets of specimens were cast for various molarities, including 8&#xa0;M, 10&#xa0;M, 12&#xa0;M, 14&#xa0;M, and 16&#xa0;M. Each molarity was tested with three different alkaline ratios (AA/FA) such as 0.35, 0.45, 0.55. Workability characteristics were assessed using various test methods, including slump flow, funnel, L-Box, and U-Box tests. The study found that self-compacting geopolymer concrete met EFNARC’s essential workability requirements. The results revealed that specimens with an alkaline ratio of 0.45 exhibited enhanced workability and mechanical properties. Conversely, specimens with higher molarity demonstrated a decrease in workability but an increase in compressive strength. This study highlights SCGC’s potential on an international scale as a high-performance, sustainable material that supports the operational and environmental objectives of the construction sector.</p>

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Optimizing performance of self-compacting geopolymer concrete through alkaline ratio and molarity adjustment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月4日

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  • R. Ilayarsi,
  • K. Mukilan,
  • A. Chithambar Ganesh

摘要

The rapid expansion of cement production has emerged as a significant contributor to carbon dioxide emissions, aggravating the urgent problem of global warming. In response to this environmental challenge, a multitude of researchers have undertaken efforts to strengthen and prolong the lifespan of concrete. This endeavour involves replacing cement with fly ash, a by product of various industrial processes. The creation of self-compaction geopolymer concrete (SCGC) using industrial byproducts has the potential to effectively address the demand for effective and sustainable building materials worldwide. When mixed with an alkali activator solution, fly ash undergoes a transformation, resulting in the formation of geopolymer concrete an environmentally beneficial substitute for traditional concrete. Although its environmental benefits, geopolymer concrete has several drawbacks, particularly its vulnerability to failure as a result of insufficient compaction. Innovatively addressing this issue is self-compacting concrete, which offers a solution by being able to fill every corner of the formwork using its own weight. To address the challenges posed by inadequate compaction and environmental degradation, a new type of concrete has been introduced: high performance geopolymer concrete. However, this concrete faces two limitations: a delay in setting time and the requirement for heat curing to enhance strength. This research aims to investigate the influence of the concentration of sodium hydroxide (molarity) and the ratio between alkaline activator to fly ash(AA/FA) on the workability, mechanical characteristics, and microstructure of self-compacting geopolymer concrete. A total of 15 sets of specimens were cast for various molarities, including 8 M, 10 M, 12 M, 14 M, and 16 M. Each molarity was tested with three different alkaline ratios (AA/FA) such as 0.35, 0.45, 0.55. Workability characteristics were assessed using various test methods, including slump flow, funnel, L-Box, and U-Box tests. The study found that self-compacting geopolymer concrete met EFNARC’s essential workability requirements. The results revealed that specimens with an alkaline ratio of 0.45 exhibited enhanced workability and mechanical properties. Conversely, specimens with higher molarity demonstrated a decrease in workability but an increase in compressive strength. This study highlights SCGC’s potential on an international scale as a high-performance, sustainable material that supports the operational and environmental objectives of the construction sector.