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<p>We study the distribution of women’s share of household earnings using data from the Indian Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) for the year 2023–24. The aim of our study is to specifically look at whether couples systematically avoid situations in which a wife’s earnings surpass her husband’s, producing a cliff at 0.5 in the density function of wife’s share in household earning. We do find evidence for such a cliff, which is consistent with studies in many other countries. When looking at subpopulations, we find that the existence of a cliff depends on the nature of employment and level of education of husband and wife. Further we find that households on either side of the discontinuity differ significantly across many attributes. We use a logit model to look at the determinants of wives’ odds of out-earning their husbands, shedding light on the economic, social, and institutional factors that facilitate or impede gender-egalitarian earnings patterns.</p>

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Crossing the 50 Percent Line: Evidence of a Cliff in Wives’ Earnings Shares in Indian Marriages

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月1日

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  • Meenakshi Sharma

摘要

We study the distribution of women’s share of household earnings using data from the Indian Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) for the year 2023–24. The aim of our study is to specifically look at whether couples systematically avoid situations in which a wife’s earnings surpass her husband’s, producing a cliff at 0.5 in the density function of wife’s share in household earning. We do find evidence for such a cliff, which is consistent with studies in many other countries. When looking at subpopulations, we find that the existence of a cliff depends on the nature of employment and level of education of husband and wife. Further we find that households on either side of the discontinuity differ significantly across many attributes. We use a logit model to look at the determinants of wives’ odds of out-earning their husbands, shedding light on the economic, social, and institutional factors that facilitate or impede gender-egalitarian earnings patterns.