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<p>The development of innovative and sustainable construction materials is essential to meet the energy efficiency and durability demands of smart city infrastructure. Conventional concrete, despite its widespread use, has notable limitations in resource consumption, environmental impact, and thermal performance. This study presents a ternary blend alkali-activated hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete (AAHFRC) integrated with phase change materials (PCM) and recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) to address these challenges. The proposed system improves both mechanical and thermal performance while ensuring long-term durability. The PCM-enhanced alkali-activated concrete demonstrated high compressive strength 108.45&#xa0;MPa at 28 days, enhanced crack resistance, and superior durability in chemically aggressive environments. Durability tests in sulfuric acid, sodium sulfate, and sodium chloride confirmed the superior chemical resistance of the PCM-integrated mix, with strength retention above 85% in all cases. Thermal cycling at 60–100&#xa0;°C demonstrated up to 75% lower weight loss and a 4–6&#xa0;°C reduction in peak temperature compared to OPC. These findings position the developed material as a promising, energy-efficient solution for sustainable construction in smart cities, particularly in high-rise buildings, pavements, and heat-resilient urban structures.</p>

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Energy-efficient ternary blended alkali-activated hybrid fiber reinforced concrete with recycled aggregates and phase change materials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月26日

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  • G. Durga Rama Naidu,
  • Madhava Krishna Reddy Gaddam,
  • Tejeswara Rao Maganti,
  • Angoth Anurag,
  • Lokesh Chowdary

摘要

The development of innovative and sustainable construction materials is essential to meet the energy efficiency and durability demands of smart city infrastructure. Conventional concrete, despite its widespread use, has notable limitations in resource consumption, environmental impact, and thermal performance. This study presents a ternary blend alkali-activated hybrid fiber-reinforced concrete (AAHFRC) integrated with phase change materials (PCM) and recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) to address these challenges. The proposed system improves both mechanical and thermal performance while ensuring long-term durability. The PCM-enhanced alkali-activated concrete demonstrated high compressive strength 108.45 MPa at 28 days, enhanced crack resistance, and superior durability in chemically aggressive environments. Durability tests in sulfuric acid, sodium sulfate, and sodium chloride confirmed the superior chemical resistance of the PCM-integrated mix, with strength retention above 85% in all cases. Thermal cycling at 60–100 °C demonstrated up to 75% lower weight loss and a 4–6 °C reduction in peak temperature compared to OPC. These findings position the developed material as a promising, energy-efficient solution for sustainable construction in smart cities, particularly in high-rise buildings, pavements, and heat-resilient urban structures.