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<p>In urban utility tunnel construction, trench backfilling quality is critical to structural stability and long-term service performance. As a sustainable alternative to conventional backfill materials, flowable stabilized soil (FSS) offers distinct advantages in self-compaction, high flowability, and waste-soil reutilization, making it particularly suitable for narrow and irregular backfill spaces. This study systematically investigated the effects of soil moisture content, binder dosage, and SN component proportion on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of FSS. The results show that the UCS is governed by the combined effects of these three factors: it generally decreases with increasing moisture content, first increases and then decreases with increasing SN component proportion at a fixed moisture content, and increases with binder dosage at a fixed SN proportion. The incorporation of the SN component significantly enhanced the UCS under different moisture conditions, and within the tested moisture-content range of 75%-175%, the optimized mix achieved a maximum UCS increase of 1.7–2.8 times compared with plain cement-stabilized soil. A nonlinear surface-based prediction model was further established, showing strong predictive performance and providing a useful basis for strength prediction and mix design optimization in utility corridor trench backfilling and related engineering applications.</p>

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Mechanical Properties of Novel Flowable Stabilized Soil Based on a Nonlinear Surface Model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月30日

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  • Han Yang,
  • Junwu Xia,
  • Chao Luo,
  • Yujing Wang,
  • Yu Zhou,
  • Kangjia Song,
  • Siyong Tan

摘要

In urban utility tunnel construction, trench backfilling quality is critical to structural stability and long-term service performance. As a sustainable alternative to conventional backfill materials, flowable stabilized soil (FSS) offers distinct advantages in self-compaction, high flowability, and waste-soil reutilization, making it particularly suitable for narrow and irregular backfill spaces. This study systematically investigated the effects of soil moisture content, binder dosage, and SN component proportion on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of FSS. The results show that the UCS is governed by the combined effects of these three factors: it generally decreases with increasing moisture content, first increases and then decreases with increasing SN component proportion at a fixed moisture content, and increases with binder dosage at a fixed SN proportion. The incorporation of the SN component significantly enhanced the UCS under different moisture conditions, and within the tested moisture-content range of 75%-175%, the optimized mix achieved a maximum UCS increase of 1.7–2.8 times compared with plain cement-stabilized soil. A nonlinear surface-based prediction model was further established, showing strong predictive performance and providing a useful basis for strength prediction and mix design optimization in utility corridor trench backfilling and related engineering applications.