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<p>Eolic and alluvial sands and clayey sand tertiary sediment specimens, reinforced with 1% coir and polypropylene fibers, were used in a comprehensive testing program involving triaxial compression and extension, direct shear, and split tensile tests to study the anisotropy of the composites associated with the characteristics of the fibers. The sub-horizontal orientation of the fibers was confirmed by computed tomography (CT) scans, and a decrease in the reinforcement effectiveness was evident as the angle between the preferential orientation of the fibers and the failure plane decreased: FRS polypropylene specimens of eolic and alluvial sand showed a decrease in their shear resistance from <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(c'\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = 23.9 kPa and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\phi '\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = 41.8<sup>o</sup>, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(c'\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = 15.9 kPa and <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\phi '\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = 47.7<sup>o</sup> in triaxial compression to <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(c'\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = 0 kPa and <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\phi '\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = 37.0<sup>o</sup> and <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(c'\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = 0 kPa and <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\phi '\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = 40.3<sup>o</sup> in direct shear, approaching the shear strength of non-reinforced samples. However, the coir fibers were less oriented than polypropylene, inducing less anisotropy to the composite. Due to their less remarkable anisotropy, the coir FRS specimens presented inferior reinforcement effectiveness in triaxial compression; however, they presented slightly superior strengths than polypropylene in direct shear. The experimental results are consistent with those obtained using sophisticated devices or time-consuming techniques for fiber disposition in soil and therefore validate the proposed approach.</p>

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Study of the Anisotropy and Reinforcement Effectiveness of Polypropylene and Coir Fibers in Three Different Soils Using Conventional Testing Procedures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Vital Batista,
  • Italo Silva,
  • Sandro Machado,
  • Miriam de Fátima Carvalho,
  • Mehran Karimpour-Fard

摘要

Eolic and alluvial sands and clayey sand tertiary sediment specimens, reinforced with 1% coir and polypropylene fibers, were used in a comprehensive testing program involving triaxial compression and extension, direct shear, and split tensile tests to study the anisotropy of the composites associated with the characteristics of the fibers. The sub-horizontal orientation of the fibers was confirmed by computed tomography (CT) scans, and a decrease in the reinforcement effectiveness was evident as the angle between the preferential orientation of the fibers and the failure plane decreased: FRS polypropylene specimens of eolic and alluvial sand showed a decrease in their shear resistance from \(c'\) = 23.9 kPa and \(\phi '\) = 41.8o, and \(c'\) = 15.9 kPa and \(\phi '\) = 47.7o in triaxial compression to \(c'\) = 0 kPa and \(\phi '\) = 37.0o and \(c'\) = 0 kPa and \(\phi '\) = 40.3o in direct shear, approaching the shear strength of non-reinforced samples. However, the coir fibers were less oriented than polypropylene, inducing less anisotropy to the composite. Due to their less remarkable anisotropy, the coir FRS specimens presented inferior reinforcement effectiveness in triaxial compression; however, they presented slightly superior strengths than polypropylene in direct shear. The experimental results are consistent with those obtained using sophisticated devices or time-consuming techniques for fiber disposition in soil and therefore validate the proposed approach.