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<p>Physical layer security is analyzed for underlay cognitive radio networks where nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) transmission is powered by radio frequency energy harvesting. Operating in an underlay cognitive mode, the secondary transmitter employs a time-switching protocol to harvest energy from a continuously radiating beacon. The harvested energy is then used to deliver superposition-coded messages to two secondary users. A practical nonlinear harvesting model that incorporates saturation is employed. The secrecy of the system is compromised not only by an external eavesdropper but also by bidirectional internal eavesdropping, which arises because both NOMA users are capable of successive interference cancellation (SIC) and are considered potentially untrusted. The analysis assumes Nakagami-<i>m</i> fading, under which we obtain semi-explicit formulas of secrecy performance metrics. We verify the derived expressions through extensive Monte-Carlo simulations. The obtained expressions facilitate a parametric study of transmit power, time-switching ratio, saturation threshold, target secrecy rates, power allocation, harvesting efficiency, and interference constraints. The analysis also reveals conditions under which orthogonal multiple access (OMA) achieves superior secrecy throughput compared to NOMA, owing to the combined effects of intra-NOMA interference and information leakage induced by the SIC process.</p>

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Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting Cognitive NOMA Networks: Secrecy Throughput Analysis with Internal and External Eavesdroppers

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Quang Nguyen-Minh,
  • Khuong Ho-Van

摘要

Physical layer security is analyzed for underlay cognitive radio networks where nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) transmission is powered by radio frequency energy harvesting. Operating in an underlay cognitive mode, the secondary transmitter employs a time-switching protocol to harvest energy from a continuously radiating beacon. The harvested energy is then used to deliver superposition-coded messages to two secondary users. A practical nonlinear harvesting model that incorporates saturation is employed. The secrecy of the system is compromised not only by an external eavesdropper but also by bidirectional internal eavesdropping, which arises because both NOMA users are capable of successive interference cancellation (SIC) and are considered potentially untrusted. The analysis assumes Nakagami-m fading, under which we obtain semi-explicit formulas of secrecy performance metrics. We verify the derived expressions through extensive Monte-Carlo simulations. The obtained expressions facilitate a parametric study of transmit power, time-switching ratio, saturation threshold, target secrecy rates, power allocation, harvesting efficiency, and interference constraints. The analysis also reveals conditions under which orthogonal multiple access (OMA) achieves superior secrecy throughput compared to NOMA, owing to the combined effects of intra-NOMA interference and information leakage induced by the SIC process.