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<p>This paper develops a unified performance-analysis framework for a cooperative cognitive radio (CR) system that jointly integrates non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), time-switching relaying (TSR)–based simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), and Fountain Coding (FC). A SWIPT-enabled relay harvests energy and forwards superimposed NOMA signals under the CR interference-temperature constraint, while rateless FC mitigates decoding failures caused by deep fading, energy shortages, and CR-induced transmit-power clipping. The proposed framework provides compact analytical expressions for the outage probability, delay-limited throughput, and energy efficiency, together with semi-analytical expressions for the ergodic rate, explicitly capturing the coupled impact of FC overhead, energy-harvesting duration, NOMA power allocation, and CR power clipping. The modeling assumptions of perfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) and linear energy harvesting are clearly stated and their implications are discussed. A complexity discussion shows that the proposed scheme preserves low implementation complexity, with SIC and relay operations remaining of constant order per fading block and FC encoding/decoding relying on well-known linear-time algorithms. Monte Carlo simulation results validate the analytical formulations and reveal that FC-assisted relaying significantly improves outage and ergodic performance at low–medium SNR levels, whereas the CR constraint dominates the high-SNR regime and creates a throughput and energy-efficiency ceiling. The developed insights are useful for designing energy-constrained, interference-limited NOMA systems under practical spectrum-sharing and reliability requirements.</p>

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Fountain-Coded SWIPT-NOMA Relaying Under Cognitive Radio Constraints

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月28日

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  • Huu Q. Tran

摘要

This paper develops a unified performance-analysis framework for a cooperative cognitive radio (CR) system that jointly integrates non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), time-switching relaying (TSR)–based simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), and Fountain Coding (FC). A SWIPT-enabled relay harvests energy and forwards superimposed NOMA signals under the CR interference-temperature constraint, while rateless FC mitigates decoding failures caused by deep fading, energy shortages, and CR-induced transmit-power clipping. The proposed framework provides compact analytical expressions for the outage probability, delay-limited throughput, and energy efficiency, together with semi-analytical expressions for the ergodic rate, explicitly capturing the coupled impact of FC overhead, energy-harvesting duration, NOMA power allocation, and CR power clipping. The modeling assumptions of perfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) and linear energy harvesting are clearly stated and their implications are discussed. A complexity discussion shows that the proposed scheme preserves low implementation complexity, with SIC and relay operations remaining of constant order per fading block and FC encoding/decoding relying on well-known linear-time algorithms. Monte Carlo simulation results validate the analytical formulations and reveal that FC-assisted relaying significantly improves outage and ergodic performance at low–medium SNR levels, whereas the CR constraint dominates the high-SNR regime and creates a throughput and energy-efficiency ceiling. The developed insights are useful for designing energy-constrained, interference-limited NOMA systems under practical spectrum-sharing and reliability requirements.