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<p>Rising global demand for sustainable energy has driven an integration of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES), particularly Photovoltaic (PV) and Fuel cell (FC) technologies. However, intermittency of PV power presents challenges in ensuring a stable and continuous energy supply. To address this, a High Gain Interleaved Multi-Input (HGIM) DC-DC converter is focused for efficient energy conversion and grid integration. The converter facilitates simultaneous power harvesting from PV and FC sources, optimizing power distribution through an advanced Tunicate Swarm Algorithm based Proportional Integral (TSA-PI) controller. The controller is designed to regulate voltage, ensure system stability, and enhance overall efficiency under fluctuating environmental conditions. The system is validated through multiple case studies, assessing its performance under varying solar irradiance, steady-state conditions, high grid loads, and PV shutdown scenarios. Simulation results confirm that the proposed HGIM demonstrates a peak efficiency of 96.2%, a near-unity power factor of 0.99, and a notably low Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of 1.31%. These values highlight the converter’s superior performance in terms of energy conversion and power quality. Additionally, a hardware prototype featuring Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based control is developed to validate real-time performance.</p>

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Sustainable Energy Management with a Multi-Input DC-DC Converter for PV and Fuel Cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月17日

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  • R. Jagadish Vijay,
  • S. Joseph Jawhar

摘要

Rising global demand for sustainable energy has driven an integration of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES), particularly Photovoltaic (PV) and Fuel cell (FC) technologies. However, intermittency of PV power presents challenges in ensuring a stable and continuous energy supply. To address this, a High Gain Interleaved Multi-Input (HGIM) DC-DC converter is focused for efficient energy conversion and grid integration. The converter facilitates simultaneous power harvesting from PV and FC sources, optimizing power distribution through an advanced Tunicate Swarm Algorithm based Proportional Integral (TSA-PI) controller. The controller is designed to regulate voltage, ensure system stability, and enhance overall efficiency under fluctuating environmental conditions. The system is validated through multiple case studies, assessing its performance under varying solar irradiance, steady-state conditions, high grid loads, and PV shutdown scenarios. Simulation results confirm that the proposed HGIM demonstrates a peak efficiency of 96.2%, a near-unity power factor of 0.99, and a notably low Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of 1.31%. These values highlight the converter’s superior performance in terms of energy conversion and power quality. Additionally, a hardware prototype featuring Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based control is developed to validate real-time performance.