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<p>The uniformity parameters in drip irrigation system is affected by the slope of manifold. This research investigated the effect of slope and inlet pressure of manifold on uniformity parameters in normal and pressure compensating emitters. In this research, different slopes of 0.2, 6, 11, 16, 20 and 25% were implemented on the ground surface and manifold of drip irrigation system with diameters of 50, 63 and 75&#xa0;mm and length of 70&#xa0;m, were installed on these uniform slopes. The flow discharge and pressure were measured with accuracy of 0.5% and 0.5–1.0&#xa0;cm, respectively. The lateral pipes with 16&#xa0;mm diameter and 40&#xa0;m length were placed on the contour lines and were connected to manifold bilaterally. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between coefficient of variation (CV) as a dependent variable and uniformity parameters, including variation of emitters’ flow rate to average flow rate of emitters (qv<sub>(avg)</sub>), variation of emitter’s flow rate to maximum flow rate of emitters (qv<sub>(max)</sub>), emission uniformity (EU), absolute emission uniformity (EU<sub>a</sub>) and coefficient of uniformity (UC). Using the relationship obtained from this research, uniformity parameters could be estimated based on the slope along the manifold. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between the inlet water pressure of the manifold and different uniformity parameters except for UC. There was a non-linear relationship between the inlet pressure of the manifold and the value of UC such that UC was increased as inlet pressure increased. After a threshold value of inlet pressure, the uniformity remained unchanged. The mean UC for different slopes and for different inlet pressures of 5, 10, 15&#xa0;m for normal emitters were 75, 81 and 81%, respectively, and for compensating emitters were 72.8, 90.2 and 91.6%, respectively. The EU variations for compensating emitters (67.6%) were higher than normal emitters (54.6%), because the maximum value of EU in compensating emitters (98.8%) was higher than normal emitters (84.6%).</p>

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Effect of Land Slope and Inlet Pressure of Manifold on Distribution Uniformity in Drip Irrigation Systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Masoud Noshadi,
  • Ali Babolhakami

摘要

The uniformity parameters in drip irrigation system is affected by the slope of manifold. This research investigated the effect of slope and inlet pressure of manifold on uniformity parameters in normal and pressure compensating emitters. In this research, different slopes of 0.2, 6, 11, 16, 20 and 25% were implemented on the ground surface and manifold of drip irrigation system with diameters of 50, 63 and 75 mm and length of 70 m, were installed on these uniform slopes. The flow discharge and pressure were measured with accuracy of 0.5% and 0.5–1.0 cm, respectively. The lateral pipes with 16 mm diameter and 40 m length were placed on the contour lines and were connected to manifold bilaterally. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between coefficient of variation (CV) as a dependent variable and uniformity parameters, including variation of emitters’ flow rate to average flow rate of emitters (qv(avg)), variation of emitter’s flow rate to maximum flow rate of emitters (qv(max)), emission uniformity (EU), absolute emission uniformity (EUa) and coefficient of uniformity (UC). Using the relationship obtained from this research, uniformity parameters could be estimated based on the slope along the manifold. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between the inlet water pressure of the manifold and different uniformity parameters except for UC. There was a non-linear relationship between the inlet pressure of the manifold and the value of UC such that UC was increased as inlet pressure increased. After a threshold value of inlet pressure, the uniformity remained unchanged. The mean UC for different slopes and for different inlet pressures of 5, 10, 15 m for normal emitters were 75, 81 and 81%, respectively, and for compensating emitters were 72.8, 90.2 and 91.6%, respectively. The EU variations for compensating emitters (67.6%) were higher than normal emitters (54.6%), because the maximum value of EU in compensating emitters (98.8%) was higher than normal emitters (84.6%).