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<p>Concrete is inherently prone to crack formation under tensile stress, compromising durability and thus permitting harmful agents to penetrate the matrix. To address this issue, bacteria-based self-healing concrete integrated with Bacillus subtilis was studied through fresh, mechanical, durability, and microstructural studies. The bacteria cause bio-calcification by forming calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), which occludes voids, seals microcracks, and enhances the density of the matrix. M20 and M30 grade mixes for both CC and bacterial concretes (BC) were prepared. Fresh property assessment indicated that BC showed an 8.97% increase in slump and a 1.43% increment in fresh density due to enhanced particle lubrication and packing achieved by the microbial by-products and calcium lactate (CL). BC demonstrated improved mechanical properties of CS by 7.98%, STS by 8.66%, and FS by 9.15% BC. Durability studies revealed an increased UPV of 10.37% coupled with lower WA and depth of penetration corresponding to reductions of 9.84% and 8.87%, respectively, indicating reduced porosity and superior impermeability of BC. FESEM and XRD studies further revealed a dense matrix of BC with refined pore structure and enriched mineral composition compared to CC. BCM-30 produced the highest CaCO₃ deposition among the mixes, proving that both CL and bacteria took part in the doubly self-repairing mechanism. The outcomes of the current study confirmed that microbiological self-healing concrete provides improved strength, durability, and microstructural integrity, offering a cost-effective and sustainable approach to extending service life, minimizing maintenance costs, and supporting sustainable construction practices.</p>

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Performance Evaluation of Bacterial Based self-healing Concrete Through Systematic Experimental Investigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月10日

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  • Sourav Giri,
  • Debasree,
  • P. K. Parhi,
  • Somya Priyadarsini Sahani,
  • Nihar Ranjan Mohanta

摘要

Concrete is inherently prone to crack formation under tensile stress, compromising durability and thus permitting harmful agents to penetrate the matrix. To address this issue, bacteria-based self-healing concrete integrated with Bacillus subtilis was studied through fresh, mechanical, durability, and microstructural studies. The bacteria cause bio-calcification by forming calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), which occludes voids, seals microcracks, and enhances the density of the matrix. M20 and M30 grade mixes for both CC and bacterial concretes (BC) were prepared. Fresh property assessment indicated that BC showed an 8.97% increase in slump and a 1.43% increment in fresh density due to enhanced particle lubrication and packing achieved by the microbial by-products and calcium lactate (CL). BC demonstrated improved mechanical properties of CS by 7.98%, STS by 8.66%, and FS by 9.15% BC. Durability studies revealed an increased UPV of 10.37% coupled with lower WA and depth of penetration corresponding to reductions of 9.84% and 8.87%, respectively, indicating reduced porosity and superior impermeability of BC. FESEM and XRD studies further revealed a dense matrix of BC with refined pore structure and enriched mineral composition compared to CC. BCM-30 produced the highest CaCO₃ deposition among the mixes, proving that both CL and bacteria took part in the doubly self-repairing mechanism. The outcomes of the current study confirmed that microbiological self-healing concrete provides improved strength, durability, and microstructural integrity, offering a cost-effective and sustainable approach to extending service life, minimizing maintenance costs, and supporting sustainable construction practices.