<p>Low productivity and high prevalence of waste are among the most significant challenges in construction projects worldwide. Although distinct in definition, waste is widely recognized as a primary driver of reduced productivity in construction. While the Last Planner System (LPS) has been pointed out as an effective tool for improving planning reliability in previous studies, its direct impact on reducing waste-generating causes still needs to be proved. To fill this gap, a survey of 105 practitioners in the Afghanistan construction industry was carried out using a two-part questionnaire developed based on a comprehensive literature review and pilot testing. The first part assessed LPS key features implementation, showing a moderate level with a mean score of 6.56 out of 10. The second part evaluated the prevalence of waste-generating causes, with a mean score of 4.63 out of 10. The results of the regression analysis indicated that the key features of the LPS significantly reduce waste-generating causes across five main categories of Human Resources, Site Management, Transportation, Procurement and Logistics, and Material Handling. The R-square of the model is 49%, indicating that this method can substantially reduce waste generating-causes. Separate regression analysis revealed that the R-square values were highest for site management (47%), followed by Transportation (42%), procurement and logistics (38%), human resources (35%), and material handling (35%). Furthermore, distinct regression models identified pull planning, immediate intervention and issue resolution, and percent plan complete (PPC) as the most impactful LPS features for minimizing waste in Afghanistan construction projects.</p>