Characterization of Concrete with Ferrock as a Potential Cement Substitute: Mechanical Strength, Durability and Microstructure analysis
摘要
The present study investigates ferrock as binder, composed of iron oxide, waste dust of steel industries, as a partial substitute for cement, focusing on its carbon-absorbing properties and potential to enhance concrete's performance. The study aimed to find optimum ratio and investigate concrete mixes with ferrock as a substitute of cement in ratio of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The slump cone and compaction factor tests evaluate the fresh properties of concrete, while compressive strength split tensile strength, and flexural strength tests were conducted to evaluate hardened properties of concrete. Durability analyzed further through water absorption, initial surface absorption, water penetration, and rapid chloride penetration tests. Microstructural analysis was performed to analyze the effects of ferrock incorporation on concrete microstructure. The carbonation test was done with phenolphthalein as an indicator for visual representation of carbonated parts in concrete. The samples were prepared according to the standard size recommended for testing and were initially cured for 4 days in a carbon dioxide environment, followed by water curing. The results demonstrated that 10% replacement of cement with ferrock yielded optimum performance, with an increase of 36.51% in compressive strength, 19.38% in flexural strength and 37.55% in split tensile strength. Microstructural analysis showed a denser micro- structure with more silica content and less iron due to complex iron carbonate formation in carbon dioxide presence. The results found ferrock a carbon-negative, eco-friendly material that recycles industrial waste, reduces cement use, enhances strength, and enables carbon-absorbing structures for sustainable construction.