<p>Utilizing the properties of TiO₂ to increase the thermal reflectivity of the mixture and SiO₂ aerogel (SA) to reduce the thermal conductivity of the mixture, a heat-resistant light-colored asphalt mixture was developed for high-temperature environments. The pavement performance and cooling effects of the heat-resistant light-colored asphalt mixture were studied through high-temperature rutting tests, freeze–thaw splitting tests, and indoor light simulation tests. The results show that TiO₂ can effectively reduce the absorption of thermal radiation by the pavement, and SA can effectively block the downward transmission of heat. The water stability and high-temperature stability of the composite modified asphalt mixture decreased after the addition of TiO₂, but improved after the addition of SA. When both SA and TiO₂ were added, the pavement performance of the composite modified asphalt mixture exceeded the required standard values. The addition of SA and TiO₂ can effectively reduce the surface temperatures of the asphalt mixture, and the combination of 3% SA and 4% TiO₂ showed the best cooling effect, with surface temperature reductions of 4.4 and 5.7&#xa0;°C, respectively. However, considering the cooling effect and application in high-temperature environments, the optimal content of the heat-resistant light-colored asphalt mixture is 3% SA + 2% TiO₂, with surface temperature reductions of 3.3 and 4.4&#xa0;°C, respectively.</p>