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<p>Tin-doped zirconium dioxide (ZrO<sub>2</sub>:Sn) and undoped thin films were deposited via chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) at 425&#xa0;°C. The study examined structural and optical characteristics under various doping conditions. Analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns indicated increased crystallite size due to enhanced crystallinity with doping. All thin films exhibited strong orientation along (200) planes, suggesting improved tin doping. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) confirmed the films’ surface morphology homogeneity and doping configuration. The extinction coefficient decreased with doping. Regarding the optical properties, it was observed that the energy gap of ZrO<sub>2</sub> decreased with increasing Sn ratio, as it was 5.29&#xa0;eV in the case of pure ZrO<sub>2</sub>, while its value became 5.18&#xa0;eV when the Sn ratio increased to 4%, attributed to the enlargement of crystallite size.</p>

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Physical Characterization of Tin-Doped Zirconia Nanostructures Thin Films via Chemical Spray Pyrolysis Technique

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月30日

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  • Mohammed A. Kadhum,
  • Zaid A. Abed,
  • Noor H. Nsaif

摘要

Tin-doped zirconium dioxide (ZrO2:Sn) and undoped thin films were deposited via chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) at 425 °C. The study examined structural and optical characteristics under various doping conditions. Analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns indicated increased crystallite size due to enhanced crystallinity with doping. All thin films exhibited strong orientation along (200) planes, suggesting improved tin doping. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) confirmed the films’ surface morphology homogeneity and doping configuration. The extinction coefficient decreased with doping. Regarding the optical properties, it was observed that the energy gap of ZrO2 decreased with increasing Sn ratio, as it was 5.29 eV in the case of pure ZrO2, while its value became 5.18 eV when the Sn ratio increased to 4%, attributed to the enlargement of crystallite size.