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<p>Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting women globally. Despite the availability of various therapeutic approaches, treatment efficacy is often limited by drug resistance and severe side effects. Consequently, there is a growing need for novel and more effective treatment strategies with fewer adverse effects. In recent years, microalgae have emerged as promising sources of bioactive compounds with potential anticancer properties. MCF-7 cells were treated with various concentrations of <i>Tetraselmis suecica</i> extract for 24&#xa0;h under in vitro conditions. Cell viability was assessed using the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay, while gene expression analysis of apoptosis-related markers (<i>Caspases-3, -8, -9, Bax, Bcl-2, AKT,</i> and <i>PTEN</i>) was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Apoptotic cell death was further evaluated by Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry assay. Treatment with <i>Tetraselmis suecica</i> extract resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability, reducing MCF-7 cell survival to 36% at a concentration of 100&#xa0;mg/mL. The extract significantly upregulated the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (<i>Caspase-3, -8, -9, Bax</i>) and PTEN, while downregulating anti-apoptotic <i>Bcl-2</i> and <i>AKT</i>. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed enhanced apoptosis in treated cells, with early apoptosis increasing from 0.189% to 8.79% and late apoptosis from 0.45 to 6.9%.These findings suggest that <i>Tetraselmis suecica</i> exerts significant anticancer effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells by modulating both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. This microalgal extract holds potential as a novel natural therapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment.</p>

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Suppressing effect of tetraselmis suecica algae extracts on growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through induction of apoptosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月22日

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  • Abbas Asoudeh-Fard,
  • Fatemeh Faezi Sis,
  • Mana Kamranjam,
  • Fatemeh Soltanmohammadi,
  • Hossein Piri

摘要

Breast cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies affecting women globally. Despite the availability of various therapeutic approaches, treatment efficacy is often limited by drug resistance and severe side effects. Consequently, there is a growing need for novel and more effective treatment strategies with fewer adverse effects. In recent years, microalgae have emerged as promising sources of bioactive compounds with potential anticancer properties. MCF-7 cells were treated with various concentrations of Tetraselmis suecica extract for 24 h under in vitro conditions. Cell viability was assessed using the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay, while gene expression analysis of apoptosis-related markers (Caspases-3, -8, -9, Bax, Bcl-2, AKT, and PTEN) was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Apoptotic cell death was further evaluated by Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry assay. Treatment with Tetraselmis suecica extract resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability, reducing MCF-7 cell survival to 36% at a concentration of 100 mg/mL. The extract significantly upregulated the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Caspase-3, -8, -9, Bax) and PTEN, while downregulating anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and AKT. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed enhanced apoptosis in treated cells, with early apoptosis increasing from 0.189% to 8.79% and late apoptosis from 0.45 to 6.9%.These findings suggest that Tetraselmis suecica exerts significant anticancer effects on MCF-7 breast cancer cells by modulating both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. This microalgal extract holds potential as a novel natural therapeutic agent for breast cancer treatment.