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<p><?tk 2?>In 1888, Boulenger described <i>Gobius jayakari</i> as a freshwater fish originating from a location near Muscat, Oman, in the Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea, part of the northwestern Indian Ocean. His description was based on four specimens, with no holotype designated, which was common practice at the time. After a long time of description, this long-snouted freshwater goby was also reported from some other localities in the Arabian Peninsula—including the Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea in Oman and Yemen—as well as eastward to Pakistan. Recently, it was also recorded in southeastern Iran based on a single specimen. In this study, we examined the syntype series kept at the Natural History Museum in London and provided some morphological characteristics for the syntypes. Additionally, we report a new record and an expanded range for <i>A. jayakari</i>, providing molecular and morphological data from newly collected specimens from southern Iran. This information was used to reconstruct its phylogenetic tree based on the COI barcode region and to compare our new findings with existing data. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the species distribution and evolutionary history in the northwestern Indian Ocean region. Further studies should explore population genetics and ecological preferences of&#xa0;<i>A. jayakari</i>&#xa0;across its range especially both sides of the Oman Sea (Oman and Iran) to inform conservation efforts in its freshwater habitats.</p>

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New Findings on Awaous jayakari (Gobiiformes: Oxudercidae): Integrated Morpho-Molecular Characteristics and Distribution Range in Northwestern Indian Ocean

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月23日

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  • Hamid Reza Esmaeili,
  • Amir Hassan Masoumi,
  • Golnaz Sayyadzadeh,
  • Seyed Hassan Hashemi,
  • Sorour Echreshavi,
  • James Maclaine,
  • Ronald Fricke

摘要

In 1888, Boulenger described Gobius jayakari as a freshwater fish originating from a location near Muscat, Oman, in the Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea, part of the northwestern Indian Ocean. His description was based on four specimens, with no holotype designated, which was common practice at the time. After a long time of description, this long-snouted freshwater goby was also reported from some other localities in the Arabian Peninsula—including the Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea in Oman and Yemen—as well as eastward to Pakistan. Recently, it was also recorded in southeastern Iran based on a single specimen. In this study, we examined the syntype series kept at the Natural History Museum in London and provided some morphological characteristics for the syntypes. Additionally, we report a new record and an expanded range for A. jayakari, providing molecular and morphological data from newly collected specimens from southern Iran. This information was used to reconstruct its phylogenetic tree based on the COI barcode region and to compare our new findings with existing data. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the species distribution and evolutionary history in the northwestern Indian Ocean region. Further studies should explore population genetics and ecological preferences of A. jayakari across its range especially both sides of the Oman Sea (Oman and Iran) to inform conservation efforts in its freshwater habitats.