<p>To address the imbalance between rapid land urbanization and the slower pace of population urbanization, China has recently implemented the “People-Land Linkage” policy, which aims to promote the urban integration of rural migrants through land use reforms. This paper investigates how urban land growth exerts both facilitative and crowding-out effects on the urbanization of agricultural migrants. Using data from CHIP 2008 and 2018, the Seventh National Population Census, and urban land expansion records, we employ ordered probit and conditional mixed process (CMP) models to identify the effects of newly added urban construction land on rural-to-urban migration. Our findings show that the growth of new urban land significantly increases migrants’ willingness to urbanize and improves both de facto and hukou-based urbanization rates. However, it simultaneously crowds out local farmers in terms of hukou conversion. Mechanism analyses indicate that the promotive effect is driven by improvements in social security coverage and public infrastructure, while the crowding-out effect is associated with lower satisfaction with work and living conditions. These findings suggest that greater coordination between land and labor markets is needed to optimize resource allocation and enhance overall social welfare.</p>