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<p>The present study discussed the effects of tailored multi-step heat treatments of selectively laser melted Ti64 alloy on microstructure and mechanical properties for specific applications. In one heat treatment, sample was heated above the β-transus temperature (ABTT), while in the second, sample was heated below the β-transus temperature (BBTT), both with a heating rate of 10&#xa0;°C per min. The samples were then kept at their respective temperatures for 120&#xa0;min for both heat treatments. The BBTT-heated sample was cooled at a rate of 10&#xa0;°C/min, then kept at 700&#xa0;°C for 120&#xa0;min, cooled again at 10&#xa0;°C/min, and then maintained at 580&#xa0;°C for 120&#xa0;min followed by a cooling rate of 5&#xa0;°C/min. The ABTT-heated sample followed the identical cooling and holding procedures. From the microstructural studies, the variation of the grain morphologies was identified significantly on heat-treated samples. The heat-treated samples exhibited higher average hardness values compared to as-built (unheated) sample. The hardness values for the as-built, BBTT-heated sample and ABTT-heated sample were found to be 4.81 GPa, 5.01 GPa, and 7.25 GPa. The heat-treated samples presented lower 3-point bending fracture toughness than the as-built sample. The fracture toughness of the ABTT-heated sample was found to be higher than the BBTT-heated sample. Despite having a more brittle morphology, the ABTT-heated sample exhibited a longer shear slip length, which influenced fracture toughness. As-built sample revealed compressive residual stresses, while heated samples showed tensile residual stresses.</p>

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Influence of multi-step heat treatment on enhancing the microstructural and mechanical characteristics of selectively laser-melted Ti64 alloy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月19日

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  • M. M. Basha,
  • B. Paul,
  • B. Viswanath,
  • T. S. R. Ch Murthy,
  • S. Majumdar,
  • M. R. Sankar

摘要

The present study discussed the effects of tailored multi-step heat treatments of selectively laser melted Ti64 alloy on microstructure and mechanical properties for specific applications. In one heat treatment, sample was heated above the β-transus temperature (ABTT), while in the second, sample was heated below the β-transus temperature (BBTT), both with a heating rate of 10 °C per min. The samples were then kept at their respective temperatures for 120 min for both heat treatments. The BBTT-heated sample was cooled at a rate of 10 °C/min, then kept at 700 °C for 120 min, cooled again at 10 °C/min, and then maintained at 580 °C for 120 min followed by a cooling rate of 5 °C/min. The ABTT-heated sample followed the identical cooling and holding procedures. From the microstructural studies, the variation of the grain morphologies was identified significantly on heat-treated samples. The heat-treated samples exhibited higher average hardness values compared to as-built (unheated) sample. The hardness values for the as-built, BBTT-heated sample and ABTT-heated sample were found to be 4.81 GPa, 5.01 GPa, and 7.25 GPa. The heat-treated samples presented lower 3-point bending fracture toughness than the as-built sample. The fracture toughness of the ABTT-heated sample was found to be higher than the BBTT-heated sample. Despite having a more brittle morphology, the ABTT-heated sample exhibited a longer shear slip length, which influenced fracture toughness. As-built sample revealed compressive residual stresses, while heated samples showed tensile residual stresses.