<p>Growing industrial demand for clean and environmentally friendly processes for depositing high melting point materials has motivated the development of a novel high-frequency induction heating (HFIH) based deposition process. However, the deposition process exploring the HFIH energy source faces huge challenges for practical component fabrication. Therefore, the current study explores the development of HFIH-based directed energy deposition (DED) process to fabricate continuous straight and uniform vertical rods from low-carbon steel wire with a 4&#xa0;mm diameter. The fabrication is performed using a two-loop, multi-turn induction coil without metal dripping. A comprehensive analysis of the manufacturing principle, mechanical properties and microstructure evolution is carried out, while optimizing process parameters for fabricating 140&#xa0;mm tall vertical rods. The dimensional analysis between the deposited and ideal rods shows the average variation ranges between 1.07 and 1.17&#xa0;mm. Increasing the wire feed speed to 300 mm/min and the coil current to 350 A significantly enhances the deposition rate and reduces the fabrication time to just 6&#xa0;min. The fabricated rods predominantly comprise Widmanstätten ferrite pattern extending from allotriomorphic ferrite structures throughout the build direction and achieved an ultimate tensile strength of ~ 404&#xa0;MPa with ~ 46% ductility. The present investigation is a continuous effort towards establishment of an environment-friendly HFIH-DED process.</p>

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Induction heating-based 3D metal printing of cylindrical object by directed energy deposition of steel wire

  • Avadh Kishore Prasad,
  • Sajan Kapil,
  • Swarup Bag

摘要

Growing industrial demand for clean and environmentally friendly processes for depositing high melting point materials has motivated the development of a novel high-frequency induction heating (HFIH) based deposition process. However, the deposition process exploring the HFIH energy source faces huge challenges for practical component fabrication. Therefore, the current study explores the development of HFIH-based directed energy deposition (DED) process to fabricate continuous straight and uniform vertical rods from low-carbon steel wire with a 4 mm diameter. The fabrication is performed using a two-loop, multi-turn induction coil without metal dripping. A comprehensive analysis of the manufacturing principle, mechanical properties and microstructure evolution is carried out, while optimizing process parameters for fabricating 140 mm tall vertical rods. The dimensional analysis between the deposited and ideal rods shows the average variation ranges between 1.07 and 1.17 mm. Increasing the wire feed speed to 300 mm/min and the coil current to 350 A significantly enhances the deposition rate and reduces the fabrication time to just 6 min. The fabricated rods predominantly comprise Widmanstätten ferrite pattern extending from allotriomorphic ferrite structures throughout the build direction and achieved an ultimate tensile strength of ~ 404 MPa with ~ 46% ductility. The present investigation is a continuous effort towards establishment of an environment-friendly HFIH-DED process.