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<p>Corrosion of metals, particularly steels, remains a critical issue across various industries because it damages their properties, making them unusable after a certain period. Additively manufactured steels, with mechanical and microstructural properties comparable to traditionally fabricated are also vulnerable to this destructive phenomenon. Among the commonly 3D-printed steels, we find H13 tool steel that has become vastly utilized for dies and molds in hot-working applications, such as aluminum casting and plastic molding. However, it is exposed to corrosive substances such as chlorides during use. This study work concentrates on evaluating the influence of changing the important printing conditions of laser power and scan speed on the additively manufactured H13 tool steel via selective laser melting (SLM) process to obtain samples less porous, harder and more resistant to corrosion. Various characterization techniques were involved to study the microhardness, porosity, and corrosion behavior of the printed samples in a HCl medium. These methods included scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Vickers microhardness, X-ray diffraction (XRD), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results demonstrated that increasing the volumetric energy density (VED) significantly reduces porosity, dropping from 9.42 to 2.81%, while simultaneously producing harder samples, as the microhardness increases from 592.4 to 728.4 HV. These improvements in porosity and microhardness contribute to enhanced corrosion resistance indicating by charge transfer resistance from the Nyquist plots, which rose from 13.61 to 28.99 Ω.cm<sup>2</sup>. Consequently, the optimal sample was found using a laser power of 300 W and a scan speed of 800&#xa0;mm. s⁻<sup>1</sup>.</p>

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Influence of laser power and scan speed on porosity, microhardness, and corrosion resistance in HCl medium of additively manufactured H13 tool steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月28日

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  • Ilham Aichouch,
  • Anouar El Magri,
  • Belkheir Hammouti

摘要

Corrosion of metals, particularly steels, remains a critical issue across various industries because it damages their properties, making them unusable after a certain period. Additively manufactured steels, with mechanical and microstructural properties comparable to traditionally fabricated are also vulnerable to this destructive phenomenon. Among the commonly 3D-printed steels, we find H13 tool steel that has become vastly utilized for dies and molds in hot-working applications, such as aluminum casting and plastic molding. However, it is exposed to corrosive substances such as chlorides during use. This study work concentrates on evaluating the influence of changing the important printing conditions of laser power and scan speed on the additively manufactured H13 tool steel via selective laser melting (SLM) process to obtain samples less porous, harder and more resistant to corrosion. Various characterization techniques were involved to study the microhardness, porosity, and corrosion behavior of the printed samples in a HCl medium. These methods included scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Vickers microhardness, X-ray diffraction (XRD), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results demonstrated that increasing the volumetric energy density (VED) significantly reduces porosity, dropping from 9.42 to 2.81%, while simultaneously producing harder samples, as the microhardness increases from 592.4 to 728.4 HV. These improvements in porosity and microhardness contribute to enhanced corrosion resistance indicating by charge transfer resistance from the Nyquist plots, which rose from 13.61 to 28.99 Ω.cm2. Consequently, the optimal sample was found using a laser power of 300 W and a scan speed of 800 mm. s⁻1.