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<p>This study aims to minimize misrun, shrinkage porosity defects, and secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) in large-size A356 aluminum alloy wheels produced by low-pressure die casting. A multi-objective optimization approach integrating Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) and entropy weight method (EMW) was employed. Five process parameters—pouring temperature (<i>A</i>), filling velocity (<i>B</i>), bottom mold temperature (<i>C</i>), side mold temperature (<i>D</i>), and top mold temperature (<i>E</i>)—were investigated for their effects on misrun volume (<i>Y</i><sub>1</sub>), porosity volume (<i>Y</i><sub>2</sub>), and SDAS (<i>Y</i><sub>3</sub>). The results indicate nonlinear effects of process parameters on SDAS and shrinkage defects. Using NSGA-II and TOPSIS, the optimal process parameters were determined as <i>A</i> = 707 °C, <i>B</i> = 0.57 m/s, <i>C</i> = 458 °C, <i>D</i> = 305 °C, and <i>E</i> = 400 °C, yielding <i>Y</i><sub>1</sub> = 9.229 cm<sup>3</sup>, <i>Y</i><sub>2</sub> = 83.941 cm<sup>3</sup>, and <i>Y</i><sub>3</sub> = 26.818 μm. Compared to the original values, <i>Y</i><sub>1</sub>, <i>Y</i><sub>2</sub>, and <i>Y</i><sub>3</sub> decreased by 3.76%, 8.03%, and 17.04%, respectively.</p>

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Multi-objective Optimization of Casting Defects and Microstructures for A356 Wheel Using RSM-NSGA-II-EMW

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月17日

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  • Caimin Huang,
  • Haijie Fang,
  • Zhuobin Mo,
  • Hailang Liu,
  • Zhiguo Peng,
  • Yuhong Long,
  • Zhao Lu,
  • Ting Luo,
  • Enlang Feng,
  • Zhennan Chen

摘要

This study aims to minimize misrun, shrinkage porosity defects, and secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) in large-size A356 aluminum alloy wheels produced by low-pressure die casting. A multi-objective optimization approach integrating Response Surface Methodology (RSM), the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) and entropy weight method (EMW) was employed. Five process parameters—pouring temperature (A), filling velocity (B), bottom mold temperature (C), side mold temperature (D), and top mold temperature (E)—were investigated for their effects on misrun volume (Y1), porosity volume (Y2), and SDAS (Y3). The results indicate nonlinear effects of process parameters on SDAS and shrinkage defects. Using NSGA-II and TOPSIS, the optimal process parameters were determined as A = 707 °C, B = 0.57 m/s, C = 458 °C, D = 305 °C, and E = 400 °C, yielding Y1 = 9.229 cm3, Y2 = 83.941 cm3, and Y3 = 26.818 μm. Compared to the original values, Y1, Y2, and Y3 decreased by 3.76%, 8.03%, and 17.04%, respectively.