<p>This investigation explores the effect of a 0.5 wt% yttrium (Y) addition on microstructure, mechanical performance, tribological behaviour, and corrosion resistance of a heat-treated Mg-3Zn-0.5Ca alloy for biomedical application. Microstructural evaluation proves that the addition of Y is effective in refining the grain structure and formation of finely dispersed Y-rich precipitates. Mechanical testing evidence of simultaneous improvements of both strength and ductility, including statistically significant increases in ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation compared to the Y-free base alloy. Dry sliding wear test shows the wear rate for the Y-containing alloy is significantly higher in wear resistance, which is more than half (52.26%). Electrochemical evaluations performed in a simulated body fluid have shown that by adding Y, it is possible to obtain a more stable and protective surface film, which therefore gives nobler corrosion potential and a significant increase in the charge transfer resistance. Nonetheless, the general corrosion rate is significant in chloride-rich environments. Collectively, these results suggest that by improving the mechanical and tribological performance of Mg-3Zn-0.5Ca through a minor addition of Y, the resulting material may prove suitable for orthopaedic implants, where the mechanical and tribological performance is of paramount concern; however, optimization of the corrosion resistance may be necessary for long-term implantation.</p>