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<p>The main variables in a semi-permanent mold casting process include mold temperature, melt temperature, melt cleanliness, and mold coating type. As market requirements evolve toward thinner-walled castings (3.5 mm for gravity processes and even less for low-pressure applications), fluidity becomes a critical parameter in achieving sound castings. In metallurgical terms, fluidity is the ability of molten metal to flow and completely fill a mold cavity before solidification. This property depends on both the inherent characteristics of the alloy and the operating parameters of the process. Closely related to this is castability, which reflects the alloy’s capacity to reproduce complex geometries without defects such as misruns or cold shuts. An evaluation of fluidity was carried out using a steel spiral mold for the 356 Al–Si alloy. The objective of this work was to measure the fluidity of the 356 alloy using standard foundry production practices to determine how this property behaves under typical operating conditions. The results indicate that mold temperature, melt temperature, metal cleanliness, and mold coating condition significantly influence fluidity. These findings can be directly applied to process parameter adjustments in the foundry to improve mold filling, reduce defects, and enhance overall process performance.</p>

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Fluidity Analysis Using a Spiral Steel Mold in 356 Al–Si Alloys: A Foundry Approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月12日

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  • Alexander Peñaloza-Sandoval,
  • Sonia Martínez-Gallegos,
  • Carlos García-Ibarra,
  • Salvador Valtierra-Gallardo,
  • Gaspar Álvarez-Aispuro,
  • Mario Rosas-Velázquez

摘要

The main variables in a semi-permanent mold casting process include mold temperature, melt temperature, melt cleanliness, and mold coating type. As market requirements evolve toward thinner-walled castings (3.5 mm for gravity processes and even less for low-pressure applications), fluidity becomes a critical parameter in achieving sound castings. In metallurgical terms, fluidity is the ability of molten metal to flow and completely fill a mold cavity before solidification. This property depends on both the inherent characteristics of the alloy and the operating parameters of the process. Closely related to this is castability, which reflects the alloy’s capacity to reproduce complex geometries without defects such as misruns or cold shuts. An evaluation of fluidity was carried out using a steel spiral mold for the 356 Al–Si alloy. The objective of this work was to measure the fluidity of the 356 alloy using standard foundry production practices to determine how this property behaves under typical operating conditions. The results indicate that mold temperature, melt temperature, metal cleanliness, and mold coating condition significantly influence fluidity. These findings can be directly applied to process parameter adjustments in the foundry to improve mold filling, reduce defects, and enhance overall process performance.