Temperature Losses in Cups of Tilt-Poured Permanent Molds
摘要
Tilt-pour permanent mold casting is a process where a cast iron or steel mold is filled by tilting it from the horizontal to the vertical position; the purpose is to reduce the turbulence which takes place when the mold is “gravity filled” in a vertical position. The liquid aluminum is first poured into a cup that will deliver the liquid metal to the mold as the cup-mold assembly is tilted; the cup is generally emptied when a tilt angle of 45 degrees is reached; the mold continues its motion until it is vertical, this position is kept until the casting and gating are fully solidified. The temperature of the metal poured into the mold is lower than that of the metal poured in the cup by an amount that will be called the temperature loss in the cup. This loss depends on factors such as the amount of metal poured, the tilt speed and the number of cycles per hour. It is rarely considered when modeling the thermal history of the process; one may sometimes subtract a more or less arbitrary number of degrees to the temperature of the metal poured into the cup. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate these temperature losses via thermal modeling; the validity of these predictions will be tested on two castings involving widely different conditions in terms of the amount of metal poured, filling time and number of castings poured per hour.