Interrogating the One Who Started It All: A Critical Appraisal of Jaina Critique of Nyāya Notion of God in Guṇaratna’s Tarka-Rahasya-Dīpikā
摘要
One of the most important characteristic of human mind is that it can go back and forth beyond the given and lend those space and time framework to highly intelligent philosophical speculations. Human mind has an uncanny ability to schematize, thematize, and problematize otherwise plain looking facts of the world to construct intelligible narratives about its creation, sustenance, destruction, and so on. One such grand narrative is the age old notion of ‘designer god’. One such brilliant piece of speculative metaphysics is found in one of the Nyāya masterpieces, namely Nyāyakusumānjali. Authored by Udayana this text presents interesting and compelling arguments to prove the existence of God within the metaphysical framework of realism. Some of these arguments are later put to severe criticisms by the Jainas among other schools. This paper attempts to investigate some of the criticisms offered by the Jaina philosopher Guṇaratna against the Nyāya conception of God in the Īśvarotthāpaka section of his Tarka-Rahasya-Dīpikā which is a commentary on the Ṣad-Darśana-Samuccaya of Haribhadra Suri. As a part of the concluding note it is suggested that the notion of God is a unique and distinct idea where the conception of ‘all’ in the absolute sense is considered in ways that requires more systematic examination.