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<p>Water inrush and support crush disasters in fold structural zones seriously threaten mine safety production and represent a typical engineering challenge urgently requiring resolution in mining areas. To mitigate water inrush and support crush in the fold zones of the Yonglong mining area, Shanxi, this study examines the Guojiahe Coal Mine using physical experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that fold structural zone in the working face is high-risk areas for water inrush and support crush. Yijun Formation strata serve as critical aquifer and a 28.53 m-thick medium-grained sandstone at 102.5 m above coal seam serves as water-resistant key strata. The fracturing of this key stratum triggers the simultaneous rupture of the overlying 100.51 m load-bearing stratum, ultimately connecting the aquifer. In the anticlinal structural areas, the maximum roof displacement occurs at the mid-lower sections. Multiple sub-key strata develop in the overlying rocks of the syncline structural areas during dip mining, forming multi-separation zones. The synclinal axis strata exhibit vertically developed fracture angles and severe roof damage, creating high-risk support-crushing zones. Water-conducting fractures connect the aquifer at both the anticlinal maximum displacement locations and synclinal axis. The working face length and mining height significantly influence water-conducting fracture propagation. During anticline uphill mining, roof bending in the unmined front areas generates fractures. Synclinal axis fractures extend along the maximum principal stress direction, forming axial-dip fracture zones. This study can provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the prevention and control of water inrush and support crush disasters in mining areas with similar geological conditions.</p>

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Mechanisms and control of overlying strata fracture instability and water inrush in extra-thick coal seam mining

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月22日

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  • Huaidong Liu,
  • Kaiqiang Sun,
  • Changyou Liu,
  • Fengfeng Wu,
  • Peiju Yang

摘要

Water inrush and support crush disasters in fold structural zones seriously threaten mine safety production and represent a typical engineering challenge urgently requiring resolution in mining areas. To mitigate water inrush and support crush in the fold zones of the Yonglong mining area, Shanxi, this study examines the Guojiahe Coal Mine using physical experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that fold structural zone in the working face is high-risk areas for water inrush and support crush. Yijun Formation strata serve as critical aquifer and a 28.53 m-thick medium-grained sandstone at 102.5 m above coal seam serves as water-resistant key strata. The fracturing of this key stratum triggers the simultaneous rupture of the overlying 100.51 m load-bearing stratum, ultimately connecting the aquifer. In the anticlinal structural areas, the maximum roof displacement occurs at the mid-lower sections. Multiple sub-key strata develop in the overlying rocks of the syncline structural areas during dip mining, forming multi-separation zones. The synclinal axis strata exhibit vertically developed fracture angles and severe roof damage, creating high-risk support-crushing zones. Water-conducting fractures connect the aquifer at both the anticlinal maximum displacement locations and synclinal axis. The working face length and mining height significantly influence water-conducting fracture propagation. During anticline uphill mining, roof bending in the unmined front areas generates fractures. Synclinal axis fractures extend along the maximum principal stress direction, forming axial-dip fracture zones. This study can provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the prevention and control of water inrush and support crush disasters in mining areas with similar geological conditions.