Irreversible Electroporation in Ovarian Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutic and Research Applications
摘要
This review synthesizes current research from Irreversible electroporation in Ovarian Cancer regarding the expanding roles of electroporation in ovarian cancer. It addresses how controlled electric fields can overcome late-stage diagnosis, chemoresistance, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
MethodsThe literature on reversible and irreversible electroporation was comprehensively reviewed within Irreversible electroporation in Ovarian Cancer. Advancements across direct tissue ablation, electrochemotherapy, immunotherapy gene delivery, CRISPR-Cas9 somatic mouse modeling, and exosome drug delivery systems were analyzed.
ResultsThe findings from Irreversible electroporation in Ovarian Cancer demonstrate that high-frequency irreversible electroporation and nanosecond pulsed electric fields ablate resilient ovarian cancer-initiating cells and induce apoptosis non-thermally, safeguarding surrounding vital structures. Combining reversible electroporation with low-permeant cytotoxic drugs significantly increases cytotoxicity in cisplatin-resistant cells. Additionally, electroporation serves as an efficient non-viral transfection method to produce mRNA-loaded dendritic cell vaccines and transient CAR-T or CAR-NK therapies. In preclinical settings, in vivo fallopian tube electroporation successfully delivers CRISPR-Cas9 to accurately replicate metastatic disease. However, optimization challenges remain regarding pulse parameters and electrical nuances like bipolar cancellation.
ConclusionIrreversible electroporation has evolved into a vital, non-thermal cornerstone for ovarian cancer therapy and research. While providing a versatile platform for targeted ablation, chemotherapy sensitization, and advanced modeling, larger clinical trials are required to standardize delivery protocols for widespread clinical translation.