<p>This research examines the domestic water consumptive use patterns of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the challenges of water scarcity, and the strategies needed to achieve sustainable usage in line with Vision 2030. With one of the highest water consumptive use rates globally (i.e. average of 304 titers per capita per day (LPCD)), KSA faces significant pressures on its limited water resources, driven by climatic conditions, urbanization, economic growth, and cultural factors. This study analyzes regional variations in water consumptive use, the influence of socio-economic conditions, and global best practices in water conservation. The proposed strategies by this study include the adoption of water-efficient appliances, smart water meters, advanced recycling systems, and region-specific awareness programs. These initiatives aim to reduce the average consumptive use to sustainable levels of 150–200 LPCD by 2030. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are outlined to monitor progress, including water consumptive use rates, wastewater reuse percentages, and infrastructure efficiency. Comparative analysis with countries such as the United States, and Germany highlights opportunities for improvement in wastewater recycling, public engagement, and leak reduction. The study emphasizes the environmental benefits of achieving these targets, including reduced groundwater depletion and desalination dependency, alongside equitable water access for all socioeconomic groups. Recommendations for policy frameworks, public participation, and regular reviews are provided to ensure adaptability to evolving conditions. By integrating these measures, KSA can secure its water resources, mitigate environmental degradation, and support sustainable development. This research offers a comprehensive roadmap for achieving water conservation goals, contributing to the broader objectives of Vision 2030 and setting a model for arid regions globally.</p>

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Ensuring sustainable water resources: rational consumption and equitable distribution in Saudi Arabia by 2030

  • Ahmed M. Abdelbaki

摘要

This research examines the domestic water consumptive use patterns of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the challenges of water scarcity, and the strategies needed to achieve sustainable usage in line with Vision 2030. With one of the highest water consumptive use rates globally (i.e. average of 304 titers per capita per day (LPCD)), KSA faces significant pressures on its limited water resources, driven by climatic conditions, urbanization, economic growth, and cultural factors. This study analyzes regional variations in water consumptive use, the influence of socio-economic conditions, and global best practices in water conservation. The proposed strategies by this study include the adoption of water-efficient appliances, smart water meters, advanced recycling systems, and region-specific awareness programs. These initiatives aim to reduce the average consumptive use to sustainable levels of 150–200 LPCD by 2030. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are outlined to monitor progress, including water consumptive use rates, wastewater reuse percentages, and infrastructure efficiency. Comparative analysis with countries such as the United States, and Germany highlights opportunities for improvement in wastewater recycling, public engagement, and leak reduction. The study emphasizes the environmental benefits of achieving these targets, including reduced groundwater depletion and desalination dependency, alongside equitable water access for all socioeconomic groups. Recommendations for policy frameworks, public participation, and regular reviews are provided to ensure adaptability to evolving conditions. By integrating these measures, KSA can secure its water resources, mitigate environmental degradation, and support sustainable development. This research offers a comprehensive roadmap for achieving water conservation goals, contributing to the broader objectives of Vision 2030 and setting a model for arid regions globally.