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<p>This study investigates the reinforcing effect of five-year-old, non-degradable municipal solid waste (MSW) fragments on the mechanical behavior of a low-plasticity silty soil using large-scale laboratory direct shear testing. The soil was randomly mixed with MSW at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% by dry mass and compacted in a split shear box with an approximate volume of one cubic meter. The specimens were consolidated under uniform normal stresses for 24&#xa0;h and then sheared under drained, displacement-controlled conditions. The consolidation results showed a threshold response: mixtures containing up to 1.0% MSW behaved similarly to the unreinforced soil, whereas the 2.0% mixture exhibited slower consolidation and substantially larger settlements. Drained shear results showed that MSW inclusion increased large-displacement shear resistance by as much as 50%. At MSW contents up to 1.0%, the strength gain was mainly associated with increased apparent cohesion and limited change in friction angle. At 2.0% MSW, the response shifted toward a friction/interlocking-dominated mechanism, with a marked increase in friction angle and reduced cohesion. The study highlights a strength–settlement tradeoff and provides large-scale evidence for evaluating aged, unprocessed MSW fragments as reinforcement in fine-grained soils.</p>

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Mechanical Response of Fine-Grained Soil-Solid Waste Composites from Large-Scale Direct Shear Tests

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Mohsen Ajdari,
  • Mohammad Reza Arvin,
  • Sina Zahmatkesh Astaneh,
  • Kianoosh Hatami

摘要

This study investigates the reinforcing effect of five-year-old, non-degradable municipal solid waste (MSW) fragments on the mechanical behavior of a low-plasticity silty soil using large-scale laboratory direct shear testing. The soil was randomly mixed with MSW at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% by dry mass and compacted in a split shear box with an approximate volume of one cubic meter. The specimens were consolidated under uniform normal stresses for 24 h and then sheared under drained, displacement-controlled conditions. The consolidation results showed a threshold response: mixtures containing up to 1.0% MSW behaved similarly to the unreinforced soil, whereas the 2.0% mixture exhibited slower consolidation and substantially larger settlements. Drained shear results showed that MSW inclusion increased large-displacement shear resistance by as much as 50%. At MSW contents up to 1.0%, the strength gain was mainly associated with increased apparent cohesion and limited change in friction angle. At 2.0% MSW, the response shifted toward a friction/interlocking-dominated mechanism, with a marked increase in friction angle and reduced cohesion. The study highlights a strength–settlement tradeoff and provides large-scale evidence for evaluating aged, unprocessed MSW fragments as reinforcement in fine-grained soils.