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<p>To reduce the carbon footprint of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and improve the strength and crack resistance of stabilized soils, a geopolymer binder (SDG-GP) composed of steel slag, desulfurization gypsum, and ground granulated blast furnace slag was developed in this study and combined with basalt fibers (BF) for dredged soil stabilization. A Box–Behnken response surface methodology was employed to evaluate the effects of SDG-GP content, BF content, fiber aspect ratio, and moisture content on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and crack ratio of stabilized soils, while the microstructural mechanisms were analyzed using TG–DTG, XRD, SEM–EDS, and MIP. The results showed that the optimized SDG-GP formulation (SS: DG: GGBS = 2:3:13) led to a marked increase in strength, with UCS rising from 2.12&#xa0;MPa (15% SDG-GP) to 9.01&#xa0;MPa (35% SDG-GP), representing a 325% gain (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01, <i>n</i> = 3). Multi-objective optimization indicated that the optimal conditions—35% SDG-GP, 0.33% BF, fiber aspect ratio of 0.30, and moisture content of 60%—achieved high UCS values with a low crack ratio. Mechanism analysis revealed that hydration products of SDG-GP, including C–S–H, C–A–H, and AFt, reduced porosity and refined the pore structure, while the crack ratio decreased from 1.86% (0% BF) to 1.21% (0.33% BF), representing a 35% reduction (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). These findings confirm the feasibility and potential of the SDG-GP–fiber system for industrial by-product utilization and sustainable soil stabilization.</p>

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Strength and Crack Resistance Synergy and Microstructural Mechanism in Industrial By-Product Geopolymer–Fiber Stabilized Soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Haojie Li,
  • Aiwu Yang,
  • Xianxi Tang

摘要

To reduce the carbon footprint of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and improve the strength and crack resistance of stabilized soils, a geopolymer binder (SDG-GP) composed of steel slag, desulfurization gypsum, and ground granulated blast furnace slag was developed in this study and combined with basalt fibers (BF) for dredged soil stabilization. A Box–Behnken response surface methodology was employed to evaluate the effects of SDG-GP content, BF content, fiber aspect ratio, and moisture content on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and crack ratio of stabilized soils, while the microstructural mechanisms were analyzed using TG–DTG, XRD, SEM–EDS, and MIP. The results showed that the optimized SDG-GP formulation (SS: DG: GGBS = 2:3:13) led to a marked increase in strength, with UCS rising from 2.12 MPa (15% SDG-GP) to 9.01 MPa (35% SDG-GP), representing a 325% gain (p < 0.01, n = 3). Multi-objective optimization indicated that the optimal conditions—35% SDG-GP, 0.33% BF, fiber aspect ratio of 0.30, and moisture content of 60%—achieved high UCS values with a low crack ratio. Mechanism analysis revealed that hydration products of SDG-GP, including C–S–H, C–A–H, and AFt, reduced porosity and refined the pore structure, while the crack ratio decreased from 1.86% (0% BF) to 1.21% (0.33% BF), representing a 35% reduction (p < 0.05). These findings confirm the feasibility and potential of the SDG-GP–fiber system for industrial by-product utilization and sustainable soil stabilization.