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<p>Owing to depleting natural resources and nonavailability of competent aggregates, locally available soil treated with cement and silica rich additive can be a sustainable and an economical alternative as base layers of flexible pavements. A series of unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were performed on samples prepared with varied cement and additive contents to determine the optimal contents of cement and additive to be used with the specific locally available sandy soil. The UCS of treated soil was found to improve by 43% and 39% at 7-days and 28-days, respectively, due to addition of silica rich additive. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies on soil-cement mix with and without additive corroborated the formation of extra C-S-H gels and pore refinement in treated samples. Additionally, durability tests were performed at the optimum dosage of cement and additive contents to investigate the durability of treated sandy soils under adverse wetting and drying conditions in compliance with ASTM D 559/559&#xa0;M-15 guidelines. Finally, the findings of the laboratory study were used to design a pavement section for an expressway in the state of Kerala, India. Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) tests were conducted on the constructed pavement under traffic to evaluate the in-situ modulus of the stabilized layers. The average modulus of stabilized base layer was found to be 4,635 and 5,942&#xa0;MPa at the two sections tested, which were found to be in good agreement with the modulus values correlated from laboratory UCS test results.</p>

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Effect of Silica Rich Additive on the Strength and Modulus of Cement Treated Sandy Soils in Base Layer Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月12日

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  • Nagendra Babu Reddy Muli,
  • Umashankar Balunaini

摘要

Owing to depleting natural resources and nonavailability of competent aggregates, locally available soil treated with cement and silica rich additive can be a sustainable and an economical alternative as base layers of flexible pavements. A series of unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were performed on samples prepared with varied cement and additive contents to determine the optimal contents of cement and additive to be used with the specific locally available sandy soil. The UCS of treated soil was found to improve by 43% and 39% at 7-days and 28-days, respectively, due to addition of silica rich additive. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies on soil-cement mix with and without additive corroborated the formation of extra C-S-H gels and pore refinement in treated samples. Additionally, durability tests were performed at the optimum dosage of cement and additive contents to investigate the durability of treated sandy soils under adverse wetting and drying conditions in compliance with ASTM D 559/559 M-15 guidelines. Finally, the findings of the laboratory study were used to design a pavement section for an expressway in the state of Kerala, India. Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) tests were conducted on the constructed pavement under traffic to evaluate the in-situ modulus of the stabilized layers. The average modulus of stabilized base layer was found to be 4,635 and 5,942 MPa at the two sections tested, which were found to be in good agreement with the modulus values correlated from laboratory UCS test results.