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Purpose <p>This study aimed to develop and quantitatively evaluate a nanofibrin glue (NFG) composed of physiologically clotted fibrin (PCF) and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) for enhanced wound healing and tissue regeneration.</p> Methods <p>Nanofibrin glue was synthesized by integrating nanofibrin (~ 180–220&#xa0;nm) with chitosan nanoparticles (~ 120–160&#xa0;nm). The formulation was characterized using FTIR for chemical integrity and HR-SEM for microstructural morphology analysis. Antioxidant (DPPH) and anti-inflammatory (protein denaturation) assays were conducted. Biodegradation was assessed for 28 days. In vivo toxicity and wound healing efficacy were evaluated using a zebrafish model, histological (H&amp;E) analysis. Cytocompatibility was determined using the MTT assay on 3T3 fibroblast cells.</p> Results <p>The NFG demonstrated a uniform nanoscale distribution with preserved functional groups. SEM analysis revealed an interconnected fibrous–granular network with fibrin fibers (~ 90–130&#xa0;nm) and pores (~ 1.5–3.0&#xa0;μm). The formulation exhibited strong antioxidant (~ 71% inhibition; IC₅₀ ~46&#xa0;µg/mL) and anti-inflammatory (~ 76% inhibition; IC₅₀ ~44&#xa0;µg/mL) activities. Controlled biodegradation (~ 72% over 28 d) was observed. Zebrafish studies confirmed high biocompatibility (&gt; 90% survival; LC₅₀ &gt;100&#xa0;µg/mL) and significantly enhanced wound healing (~ 80–90% closure by day 14). Histological analysis revealed improved tissue regeneration and reduced inflammation. The MTT assay indicated high cell viability (&gt; 93%).</p> Conclusion <p>Nanofibrin glue has demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bioactivity, significantly promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration. These findings support the potential of this material as a promising biomaterial for clinical wound management applications.</p> Lay Summary <p>In this study, I developed a novel biological glue composed of fibrin and chitosan nanoparticles to enhance wound healing. The material demostrated strong safety, supported cell growth, reduced inflammation, and accelerated tissue repair in experimental models. It also gradually degrades over time without harmful effects. Overall, this innovative glue may help achieve faster and more effective wound healing in future medical applications.</p>

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Development, Characterization, and Therapeutic Evaluation of a Physiologically Clotted Nanostructured Fibrin–Chitosan bio Adhesive for Improved Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Senthil Rethinam

摘要

Purpose

This study aimed to develop and quantitatively evaluate a nanofibrin glue (NFG) composed of physiologically clotted fibrin (PCF) and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) for enhanced wound healing and tissue regeneration.

Methods

Nanofibrin glue was synthesized by integrating nanofibrin (~ 180–220 nm) with chitosan nanoparticles (~ 120–160 nm). The formulation was characterized using FTIR for chemical integrity and HR-SEM for microstructural morphology analysis. Antioxidant (DPPH) and anti-inflammatory (protein denaturation) assays were conducted. Biodegradation was assessed for 28 days. In vivo toxicity and wound healing efficacy were evaluated using a zebrafish model, histological (H&E) analysis. Cytocompatibility was determined using the MTT assay on 3T3 fibroblast cells.

Results

The NFG demonstrated a uniform nanoscale distribution with preserved functional groups. SEM analysis revealed an interconnected fibrous–granular network with fibrin fibers (~ 90–130 nm) and pores (~ 1.5–3.0 μm). The formulation exhibited strong antioxidant (~ 71% inhibition; IC₅₀ ~46 µg/mL) and anti-inflammatory (~ 76% inhibition; IC₅₀ ~44 µg/mL) activities. Controlled biodegradation (~ 72% over 28 d) was observed. Zebrafish studies confirmed high biocompatibility (> 90% survival; LC₅₀ >100 µg/mL) and significantly enhanced wound healing (~ 80–90% closure by day 14). Histological analysis revealed improved tissue regeneration and reduced inflammation. The MTT assay indicated high cell viability (> 93%).

Conclusion

Nanofibrin glue has demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bioactivity, significantly promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration. These findings support the potential of this material as a promising biomaterial for clinical wound management applications.

Lay Summary

In this study, I developed a novel biological glue composed of fibrin and chitosan nanoparticles to enhance wound healing. The material demostrated strong safety, supported cell growth, reduced inflammation, and accelerated tissue repair in experimental models. It also gradually degrades over time without harmful effects. Overall, this innovative glue may help achieve faster and more effective wound healing in future medical applications.