Scholarlink

Background <p>Plant-based tissue engineering offers a sustainable approach to develop cellulose scaffolds that can address the ethical and biological concerns associated with animal-derived materials.</p> Methods <p>In this study, cellulose scaffolds (NCCS) were fabricated from <i>Neolamarckia cadamba</i> leaves after decutinization with n-hexanes-diethyl ether for 15&#xa0;min and sequential decellularization process involving 5% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) for 120&#xa0;h, 1% tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP) for 48&#xa0;h, and bleaching with 4% NaOCl for 12&#xa0;h. The scaffold was characterized using histology, DAPI staining, SEM analysis, DNA estimation, AFM, tensile strength, FTIR and biocompatibility was assessed by Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells seeding on the scaffold and MTT assay.</p> Results <p>The scaffold’s histology, DAPI staining, and SEM analysis revealed total decellularization and a marked decrease in DNA content. Decellularized leaf scaffold had considerably higher root mean square roughness (𝑅𝑞), measuring 238.10&#xa0;nm. The percent elongation at break was 0.103&#xa0;mm/mm at the maximum load of 2.83&#xa0;N, indicating good tensile strength. The FT-IR absorption peaks remained unaltered after decellularization. After 48&#xa0;h of cell seeding, the MDCK cells were attached to the leaf scaffolds which exhibited an excellent viability. In vivo implantation demonstrated host cell infiltration within the NCCS matrix. This study demonstrates that the combination of SDS and TnBP is effective for decellularizing <i>Neolamarckia cadamba</i> leaves, yielding cellulose scaffolds with desirable physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings highlight that the NCCS is a sustainable, plant-based cellulose scaffold for applications in bioengineering, offering an alternative to animal-derived materials.</p> Lay summary and future works <p>By eliminating ethical concerns associated with animal resources, plant-based tissue engineering offers an eco-friendly method of producing cellulose scaffolds from leaves. We used chemicals like n-hexanes-diethyl ether, SDS and TnBP to remove waxes and DNA from Neolamarckia cadamba leaves, then bleached the leaves to create scaffolds (NCCS). Laboratory tests revealed complete decellularization, unaltered chemical structure, rough surfaces for cell adhesion and good tensile characteristics. In laboratory experiments, MDCK cells proliferated on the leaf scaffolds, and in vivo study showed infiltration of host cells. These findings suggests that Neolamarckia cadamba leaf derived cellulose scaffold offers an alternative to animal-derived materials for applications in bioengineering. In the future, NCCS will be functionalized with bioactive molecules like platelet rich plasma and growth factors and preclinical trials will be carried out for the management of full thickness skin defects, and bone and cartilage regeneration in New Zealand white rabbits.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Neolamarckia Cadamba Leaf-Derived Cellulose Scaffolds: A Plant-Based Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月21日

查看全文
  • Sangeeta Devi Khangembam,
  • Vipin Kumar Yadav,
  • Anil Kumar Gangwar,
  • Sonal Saxena,
  • Yogendra Singh,
  • Surendra Pratap Chakravarti,
  • Rajesh Kumar Verma,
  • Prafull Kumar Singh,
  • Sameer Shrivastava,
  • Chandra Shekher,
  • Anil Singh

摘要

Background

Plant-based tissue engineering offers a sustainable approach to develop cellulose scaffolds that can address the ethical and biological concerns associated with animal-derived materials.

Methods

In this study, cellulose scaffolds (NCCS) were fabricated from Neolamarckia cadamba leaves after decutinization with n-hexanes-diethyl ether for 15 min and sequential decellularization process involving 5% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) for 120 h, 1% tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP) for 48 h, and bleaching with 4% NaOCl for 12 h. The scaffold was characterized using histology, DAPI staining, SEM analysis, DNA estimation, AFM, tensile strength, FTIR and biocompatibility was assessed by Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells seeding on the scaffold and MTT assay.

Results

The scaffold’s histology, DAPI staining, and SEM analysis revealed total decellularization and a marked decrease in DNA content. Decellularized leaf scaffold had considerably higher root mean square roughness (𝑅𝑞), measuring 238.10 nm. The percent elongation at break was 0.103 mm/mm at the maximum load of 2.83 N, indicating good tensile strength. The FT-IR absorption peaks remained unaltered after decellularization. After 48 h of cell seeding, the MDCK cells were attached to the leaf scaffolds which exhibited an excellent viability. In vivo implantation demonstrated host cell infiltration within the NCCS matrix. This study demonstrates that the combination of SDS and TnBP is effective for decellularizing Neolamarckia cadamba leaves, yielding cellulose scaffolds with desirable physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties.

Conclusions

These findings highlight that the NCCS is a sustainable, plant-based cellulose scaffold for applications in bioengineering, offering an alternative to animal-derived materials.

Lay summary and future works

By eliminating ethical concerns associated with animal resources, plant-based tissue engineering offers an eco-friendly method of producing cellulose scaffolds from leaves. We used chemicals like n-hexanes-diethyl ether, SDS and TnBP to remove waxes and DNA from Neolamarckia cadamba leaves, then bleached the leaves to create scaffolds (NCCS). Laboratory tests revealed complete decellularization, unaltered chemical structure, rough surfaces for cell adhesion and good tensile characteristics. In laboratory experiments, MDCK cells proliferated on the leaf scaffolds, and in vivo study showed infiltration of host cells. These findings suggests that Neolamarckia cadamba leaf derived cellulose scaffold offers an alternative to animal-derived materials for applications in bioengineering. In the future, NCCS will be functionalized with bioactive molecules like platelet rich plasma and growth factors and preclinical trials will be carried out for the management of full thickness skin defects, and bone and cartilage regeneration in New Zealand white rabbits.

Graphical Abstract