Abstract <p>Yttrium is a rare element that is an excellent candidate for tissue engineering. Yttrium and its derivatives, including yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) nanoparticles, and yttrium-doped bioceramics, are recognized for their capacity to modulate biological processes and enhance the efficacy of biomaterials. Due of its strength and biocompatibility, YSZ is advantageous in hard tissue engineering. It is applicable for the fabrication of dental prostheses, orthopedic implants, and composite scaffolds. In dentistry, its chemical stability and tooth-like appearance enhance the aesthetic outcomes. Modifications to the surface and the amalgamation of various materials enhance osteointegration, angiogenesis, and osteogenic differentiation. Y₂O₃ nanoparticles demonstrate antioxidant, antibacterial, and proangiogenic characteristics in soft tissue and cellular applications. Yttrium is crucial for medical technologies. Yttrium–aluminum-garnet (YAG) lasers are frequently employed in dentistry, wound care, and urology. Yttrium-90 (⁹⁰Y) is crucial for targeted internal radiotherapies, particularly for hepatic and ocular malignancies. Recent improvements demonstrate yttrium's dual role as a structural enhancer and a bioactive modulator, promoting angiogenesis, osteogenesis, and tissue regeneration. Despite these promising results, the molecular pathways governing yttrium's biological interactions remain ambiguous. Future studies must focus on clarifying these interactions, as well as determining safe dosages and processes. This review examines the application of yttrium in tissue engineering, emphasizing its contribution to novel bioactive materials and its ability to connect structural performance with therapeutic efficacy.</p> Lay Summary <p>Yttrium-based biomaterials offer promising advances for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Yttrium compounds such as yttria-stabilized zirconia, yttrium oxide nanoparticles, and yttrium-doped ceramics enhance biological processes and structural performance in dental, orthopedic, and wound healing applications. Their strength, chemical stability, and biocompatibility make them excellent for creating implants and scaffolds, while modifications boost bone integration and tissue regeneration. Yttrium technologies, including medical lasers and targeted radiotherapies, expand therapeutic possibilities. However, the molecular mechanisms driving yttrium’s biological effects remain unclear. Ongoing research aims to deepen understanding and optimize the safe medical use of yttrium for diverse clinical needs.</p> Future Works <p>Future investigations will clarify the molecular pathways through which yttrium interacts with biological tissues and determine safe dosage protocols. Research should also focus on innovative yttrium-based composites and translational clinical studies to evaluate their long-term efficacy and safety in regenerative medicine and implantology applications.</p>