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Purpose <p>Dental implants are widely used in modern dentistry, but bone loss around implants, often due to peri-implantitis, can compromise their stability. The density of surrounding bone, both cancellous (spongy) and cortical (hard) influences how forces are distributed at the implant site. This study investigates how different levels of marginal bone loss and varying bone densities affect implant stability using Finite Element Analysis (FEA).</p> Methods <p>A 3D model of a dental implant system was created and simulated under two types of chewing forces: an occlusal load (120 N) and an angled oblique load (also 120 N at 75°). Three bone loss levels (0%, 20%, and 40%) and four types of bone densities were tested using FEA software.</p> Results <p>As cortical bone thickness decreased and bone density reduced, both stress and displacement increased, especially under oblique loading. Denser bone models showed lower stress and displacement, indicating better implant stability.</p> Conclusion <p>Even small levels of bone loss (0.4&#xa0;mm–0.6&#xa0;mm) can support normal chewing forces if bone density is sufficient. These results help explain how bone structure affects implant performance and highlight the importance of early detection of bone loss. Further clinical studies are needed to validate the findings.</p> Lay Summary <p>This study examines the impact of marginal bone loss on stress distribution at the implant-bone interface using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). A 3D CAD model was developed, and simulations were conducted under occlusal and oblique loading for three bone loss conditions (0%, 20%, 40%) and four bone density variations. Results showed increased stress and displacement with decreasing cortical bone thickness, while cortical stress decreased as bone became more porous. Findings suggest minimal bone loss (0.4&#xa0;mm–0.6&#xa0;mm) can support implant loads, highlighting the role of cortical thickness in implant stability. Further clinical studies are needed for validation.</p>

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Influence of Marginal Bone Loss with Variable Mandibular Bone Densities Under Masticatory Loading Using Finite Element Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月25日

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  • Prathamesh Deshmukh,
  • Pankaj Dhatrak

摘要

Purpose

Dental implants are widely used in modern dentistry, but bone loss around implants, often due to peri-implantitis, can compromise their stability. The density of surrounding bone, both cancellous (spongy) and cortical (hard) influences how forces are distributed at the implant site. This study investigates how different levels of marginal bone loss and varying bone densities affect implant stability using Finite Element Analysis (FEA).

Methods

A 3D model of a dental implant system was created and simulated under two types of chewing forces: an occlusal load (120 N) and an angled oblique load (also 120 N at 75°). Three bone loss levels (0%, 20%, and 40%) and four types of bone densities were tested using FEA software.

Results

As cortical bone thickness decreased and bone density reduced, both stress and displacement increased, especially under oblique loading. Denser bone models showed lower stress and displacement, indicating better implant stability.

Conclusion

Even small levels of bone loss (0.4 mm–0.6 mm) can support normal chewing forces if bone density is sufficient. These results help explain how bone structure affects implant performance and highlight the importance of early detection of bone loss. Further clinical studies are needed to validate the findings.

Lay Summary

This study examines the impact of marginal bone loss on stress distribution at the implant-bone interface using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). A 3D CAD model was developed, and simulations were conducted under occlusal and oblique loading for three bone loss conditions (0%, 20%, 40%) and four bone density variations. Results showed increased stress and displacement with decreasing cortical bone thickness, while cortical stress decreased as bone became more porous. Findings suggest minimal bone loss (0.4 mm–0.6 mm) can support implant loads, highlighting the role of cortical thickness in implant stability. Further clinical studies are needed for validation.