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Purpose <p>This review investigates the development and enhancement of magnesium matrix composites (Mg-MMCs) for biomedical applications, with a focus on integrating ceramic reinforcements to improve mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. The research addresses the limitations of traditional internal fixation devices made from stainless steel or titanium alloys, which pose risks such as corrosion and stress shielding and often require removal surgeries. The study explores whether Mg-MMCs can serve as effective biodegradable alternatives for load-bearing implants and other biomedical devices.</p> Methods <p>Various materials, including bioactive glass, titanium dioxide, β-tricalcium phosphate, and carbon nanotubes, are examined to understand their role in enhancing the properties of Mg-MMCs. The analysis includes detailed investigations into the synthesis, microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of these composites, with a focus on stir casting liquid-state processing.</p> Results <p>The incorporation of ceramic reinforcements is found to significantly improve the mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Mg-MMCs. These composites demonstrate strong potential for clinical applications, particularly in load-bearing implants and other biomedical devices.</p> Conclusion <p>Magnesium matrix composites, with appropriate ceramic reinforcements, offer a promising solution for biodegradable implants. These materials have the potential to reduce the need for removal surgeries and minimize long-term complications, paving the way for significant advancements in orthopaedic treatments and broader biomedical applications.</p> Lay Summary <p>Magnesium matrix composites (Mg-MMCs) are gaining attention as a new material for medical implants that can dissolve in the body after they have done their job. Traditional implants, made from materials like stainless steel or titanium, are strong but come with risks such as corrosion and the need for a second surgery to remove them after healing. This review looks at how Mg-MMCs, strengthened with tiny particles of ceramics like bioactive glass or titanium dioxide, could be a better alternative. These added materials make the Mg-MMCs stronger, more resistant to corrosion, and more compatible with the human body, which means they can safely support bones as they heal and then naturally disappear, avoiding the need for another surgery. The findings suggest that Mg-MMCs could lead to better treatments for broken bones and other medical conditions, offering a safer, more effective solution for patients.</p>

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A Review on Magnesium Matrix Composites for Biomedical Applications: Materials, Fabrication Techniques, Coatings, and Applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月3日

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  • Sumedh Nikam,
  • Shailendra P. Shisode,
  • Pralhad Pesode

摘要

Purpose

This review investigates the development and enhancement of magnesium matrix composites (Mg-MMCs) for biomedical applications, with a focus on integrating ceramic reinforcements to improve mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. The research addresses the limitations of traditional internal fixation devices made from stainless steel or titanium alloys, which pose risks such as corrosion and stress shielding and often require removal surgeries. The study explores whether Mg-MMCs can serve as effective biodegradable alternatives for load-bearing implants and other biomedical devices.

Methods

Various materials, including bioactive glass, titanium dioxide, β-tricalcium phosphate, and carbon nanotubes, are examined to understand their role in enhancing the properties of Mg-MMCs. The analysis includes detailed investigations into the synthesis, microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of these composites, with a focus on stir casting liquid-state processing.

Results

The incorporation of ceramic reinforcements is found to significantly improve the mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Mg-MMCs. These composites demonstrate strong potential for clinical applications, particularly in load-bearing implants and other biomedical devices.

Conclusion

Magnesium matrix composites, with appropriate ceramic reinforcements, offer a promising solution for biodegradable implants. These materials have the potential to reduce the need for removal surgeries and minimize long-term complications, paving the way for significant advancements in orthopaedic treatments and broader biomedical applications.

Lay Summary

Magnesium matrix composites (Mg-MMCs) are gaining attention as a new material for medical implants that can dissolve in the body after they have done their job. Traditional implants, made from materials like stainless steel or titanium, are strong but come with risks such as corrosion and the need for a second surgery to remove them after healing. This review looks at how Mg-MMCs, strengthened with tiny particles of ceramics like bioactive glass or titanium dioxide, could be a better alternative. These added materials make the Mg-MMCs stronger, more resistant to corrosion, and more compatible with the human body, which means they can safely support bones as they heal and then naturally disappear, avoiding the need for another surgery. The findings suggest that Mg-MMCs could lead to better treatments for broken bones and other medical conditions, offering a safer, more effective solution for patients.