<p>We investigate the components determining bigness of the cotangent bundle <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_809_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="25" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega ^1_X\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mi>X</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of smooth models <i>X</i> in the birational class <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="MediaObjects/40879_2025_809_IEq2_HTML.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="120" Type="Linedraw" Width="10" /> </InlineMediaObject> </InlineEquation> of an orbifold surface of general type <i>Y</i>, with a focus on the contribution given by the singularities of <i>Y</i>. A criterion for bigness of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_809_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="25" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega _X^1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mi>X</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is given involving only topological and singularity data on <i>Y</i>. We single out a special case, the Canonical Model Singularities (CMS) criterion, when <i>Y</i> is the canonical model of <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="MediaObjects/40879_2025_809_IEq4_HTML.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="120" Type="Linedraw" Width="10" /> </InlineMediaObject> </InlineEquation>. We study the singularity invariants appearing in the criterion and determine them for <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_809_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(A_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> singularities. Knowledge of these invariants for <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_809_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="23" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(A_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> singularities allows one to evaluate the <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_809_Article_IEq7.gif" Format="GIF" Height="20" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="49" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\((c_2,c^2_1)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>c</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msubsup> <mi>c</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-geographical range of the CMS criterion and compare it to other criteria. We obtain new examples of resolutions <i>X</i> of hypersurfaces <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_809_Article_IEq8.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="54" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Y\subset \mathbb {P}^3\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>Y</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">P</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (with lower degrees) and of cyclic covers <i>Y</i> of <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_809_Article_IEq9.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="18" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {P}^2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">P</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> branched along line arrangements with <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="40879_2025_809_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="25" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega ^1_X\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mi>X</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msubsup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> big.</p>

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Surface quotient singularities and bigness of the cotangent bundle: Part I

  • Yohannes D. Asega,
  • Bruno De Oliveira,
  • Michael L. Weiss

摘要

We investigate the components determining bigness of the cotangent bundle \(\Omega ^1_X\) Ω X 1 of smooth models X in the birational class of an orbifold surface of general type Y, with a focus on the contribution given by the singularities of Y. A criterion for bigness of \(\Omega _X^1\) Ω X 1 is given involving only topological and singularity data on Y. We single out a special case, the Canonical Model Singularities (CMS) criterion, when Y is the canonical model of . We study the singularity invariants appearing in the criterion and determine them for \(A_n\) A n singularities. Knowledge of these invariants for \(A_n\) A n singularities allows one to evaluate the \((c_2,c^2_1)\) ( c 2 , c 1 2 ) -geographical range of the CMS criterion and compare it to other criteria. We obtain new examples of resolutions X of hypersurfaces \(Y\subset \mathbb {P}^3\) Y P 3 (with lower degrees) and of cyclic covers Y of \(\mathbb {P}^2\) P 2 branched along line arrangements with \(\Omega ^1_X\) Ω X 1 big.