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<p><i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> Kühn is a soil-based basidiomycete causing black scurf, a major disease affecting potato production worldwide due to reduced tuber quality and market value. This pathogen comprises genetically distinct anastomosis groups (AGs) based on hyphal fusion compatibility, with different AGs exhibiting varying virulence and host specificity. Although potato cultivation in Guatemala's western highlands is economically significant, the AG composition of <i>R. solani</i> populations has not previously been characterized. In this study, 138 <i>R. solani</i> isolates were obtained from tubers of Loman variety showing black scurf symptoms in three departments: Huehuetenango (<i>n</i> = 44), San Marcos (<i>n</i> = 48), and Quetzaltenango (<i>n</i> = 46). Molecular identification using AG-specific primers, targeting the rDNA-ITS, region revealed three AGs: AG-3 PT was most common (63.77%), followed by AG-4 HG-II (17.39%) and AG-5 (13.77%), while 5.07% of isolates failed to amplify with the primers tested. Chi-square analysis showed no significant differences in AG distribution among departments (χ<sup>2</sup> = 1.42, <i>p</i> = 0.96), indicating homogeneous pathogen distribution across the sampled region. The predominance of AG-3 PT is consistent with reports from other Latin American countries including Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, confirming this AG as the primary cause of black scurf in the region. The presence of multiple AGs suggests that pathogen diversity should be considered in integrated disease management strategies. This represents the first molecular characterization of <i>R. solani</i> AGs in Guatemala and Central America, providing essential baseline data for disease management programs and epidemiological research.</p>

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First molecular identification of Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis groups in potato fields in Guatemala

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • José Alejandro Ruiz-Chután,
  • Marie Kalousová,
  • Sara Barrios,
  • Hewan Demissie Degu,
  • Julio Ernesto Berdúo-Sandoval

摘要

Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is a soil-based basidiomycete causing black scurf, a major disease affecting potato production worldwide due to reduced tuber quality and market value. This pathogen comprises genetically distinct anastomosis groups (AGs) based on hyphal fusion compatibility, with different AGs exhibiting varying virulence and host specificity. Although potato cultivation in Guatemala's western highlands is economically significant, the AG composition of R. solani populations has not previously been characterized. In this study, 138 R. solani isolates were obtained from tubers of Loman variety showing black scurf symptoms in three departments: Huehuetenango (n = 44), San Marcos (n = 48), and Quetzaltenango (n = 46). Molecular identification using AG-specific primers, targeting the rDNA-ITS, region revealed three AGs: AG-3 PT was most common (63.77%), followed by AG-4 HG-II (17.39%) and AG-5 (13.77%), while 5.07% of isolates failed to amplify with the primers tested. Chi-square analysis showed no significant differences in AG distribution among departments (χ2 = 1.42, p = 0.96), indicating homogeneous pathogen distribution across the sampled region. The predominance of AG-3 PT is consistent with reports from other Latin American countries including Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru, confirming this AG as the primary cause of black scurf in the region. The presence of multiple AGs suggests that pathogen diversity should be considered in integrated disease management strategies. This represents the first molecular characterization of R. solani AGs in Guatemala and Central America, providing essential baseline data for disease management programs and epidemiological research.