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<p>Mato Grosso (MT) is the largest soybean producer state in Brazil with 30% of its production coming from the mid-North region. Since the 2019/2020 growing season, pod and grain rot (PGR) epidemics have caused serious concerns to farmers in the region. The association between the incidence of pod rot and grain rot was investigated using data from field plots planted in the 2022/23 growing season. Additionally, the reaction of 119 soybean genotypes to PGR was assessed in two field trials planted in early (4th) and late (23rd) October 2023 in Sorriso, mid-North region of MT. The grain rot incidence was positively associated with pod rot incidence (<i>r</i> = 0.72). The incidence of PGR varied among the soybean genotypes planted in the early or late dates. The incidence of PGR in the late planting date trial was higher than in the trial planted earlier. The higher incidence was associated with increased rainfall at the reproductive stage of soybean. Grains with PGR symptoms were 33% lighter than the asymptomatic ones indicating that farmers may be experiencing losses even when soybean lots have lower than eight percent (threshold for&#xa0;financial discount) of damaged grains.</p>

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Germplasm and planting date effects on pod and grain rot of soybeans in Mato Grosso State, Brazil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月1日

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  • Miller S. Lehner,
  • Kize A. Almeida,
  • Rafael S. Nalin,
  • Gustavo D. Silveira,
  • Pierri Spolti,
  • Eduardo S. G. Mizubuti

摘要

Mato Grosso (MT) is the largest soybean producer state in Brazil with 30% of its production coming from the mid-North region. Since the 2019/2020 growing season, pod and grain rot (PGR) epidemics have caused serious concerns to farmers in the region. The association between the incidence of pod rot and grain rot was investigated using data from field plots planted in the 2022/23 growing season. Additionally, the reaction of 119 soybean genotypes to PGR was assessed in two field trials planted in early (4th) and late (23rd) October 2023 in Sorriso, mid-North region of MT. The grain rot incidence was positively associated with pod rot incidence (r = 0.72). The incidence of PGR varied among the soybean genotypes planted in the early or late dates. The incidence of PGR in the late planting date trial was higher than in the trial planted earlier. The higher incidence was associated with increased rainfall at the reproductive stage of soybean. Grains with PGR symptoms were 33% lighter than the asymptomatic ones indicating that farmers may be experiencing losses even when soybean lots have lower than eight percent (threshold for financial discount) of damaged grains.