Financial Darwinism in Tanzania: do digitally sophisticated users survive income shocks better?
摘要
This study examines whether digitally sophisticated users, who actively engage with multiple financial channels, such as mobile money, bank accounts, and online payments, exhibit greater economic resilience in the face of income shocks, a phenomenon conceptualized as Financial Darwinism. Using nationally representative Global Findex 2025 Microdata for Tanzania, and applying a survey-weighted ordered logit model, the analysis reveals a counterintuitive finding: Higher levels of digital sophistication are associated with lower financial resilience, as more digitally engaged households report shorter survival durations after income loss. Robustness checks using ordered probit and binary logistic models confirm the consistency of this negative relationship. These results suggest that while digital inclusion expands access to financial tools, it may also expose households to over-leverage, liquidity illusions, or behavioral overconfidence, weakening their long-term stability. The study contributes to emerging debates on the adaptive costs of digital transformation in finance, highlighting that technological inclusion without corresponding financial literacy and behavioral safeguards can lead to new forms of economic vulnerability. Policy implications call for integrating digital literacy, risk management education, and consumer protection frameworks into digital finance strategies to ensure that inclusion translates into true financial resilience rather than fragility.