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Purpose <p>This study evaluates whether indices extracted from different frequency bands of electrohysterography (EHG) can distinguish among cervical dilation levels during the first stage of labor. EHG, a non-invasive method for recording uterine electrical activity, can be analyzed in three bands: Band 1 (0.2–1&#xa0;Hz), Band 2 (0.34–1&#xa0;Hz, FWH), and Band 3 (0.2–0.34&#xa0;Hz, FWL). The Fast Wave High (FWH) band reflects uterine excitability, while the Fast Wave Low (FWL) band is linked to electrical activity propagation.</p> Methods <p>Seventy-three transabdominal EHG recordings (10&#xa0;min each) were analyzed from women in labor, categorized by cervical dilation: low (1–4&#xa0;cm), moderate (5–6&#xa0;cm), and advanced (7–10&#xa0;cm). Linear indices (Root Mean Square [RMS], Area Under the Curve [AUC], Zero Crossing Rate [ZCR], Median Frequency [MDF]) and a nonlinear index (Sample Entropy [SampEn]) were calculated for Bands 1, 2, and 3.</p> Results <p>In Band 2, ZCR and MDF increased significantly with advanced dilation, suggesting increasing uterine excitability accompanied by more frequent contractions. Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between these indices and cervical dilation. By contrast, in Band 3, SampEn decreased with advanced dilation, suggesting more synchronized and regular contractions.</p> Conclusion <p>EHG indices in Bands 2 and 3 may serve as complementary, noninvasive, and innocuous biomarkers of labor progression. In Band 2, increases in ZCR and MDF reflect heightened uterine excitability, while in Band 3, decreased SampEn suggests more synchronized contractions. These findings may improve labor monitoring by providing real-time insights to support clinical decisions, and potentially enhance maternal and neonatal outcomes.</p>

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Electrohysterographic Analysis Differentiates Cervical Dilation Stages: A Non-Invasive Approach to Monitoring Labor Progress Through Frequency Bands

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月20日

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  • María del Carmen Salinas-Cortés,
  • José Javier Reyes-Lagos,
  • Adriana Cristina Pliego-Carrillo,
  • Claudia Ivette Ledesma-Ramírez,
  • Eric Alonso Abarca-Castro,
  • Juan Carlos Echeverría,
  • Miguel Ángel Peña-Castillo,
  • Hugo Mendieta-Zerón

摘要

Purpose

This study evaluates whether indices extracted from different frequency bands of electrohysterography (EHG) can distinguish among cervical dilation levels during the first stage of labor. EHG, a non-invasive method for recording uterine electrical activity, can be analyzed in three bands: Band 1 (0.2–1 Hz), Band 2 (0.34–1 Hz, FWH), and Band 3 (0.2–0.34 Hz, FWL). The Fast Wave High (FWH) band reflects uterine excitability, while the Fast Wave Low (FWL) band is linked to electrical activity propagation.

Methods

Seventy-three transabdominal EHG recordings (10 min each) were analyzed from women in labor, categorized by cervical dilation: low (1–4 cm), moderate (5–6 cm), and advanced (7–10 cm). Linear indices (Root Mean Square [RMS], Area Under the Curve [AUC], Zero Crossing Rate [ZCR], Median Frequency [MDF]) and a nonlinear index (Sample Entropy [SampEn]) were calculated for Bands 1, 2, and 3.

Results

In Band 2, ZCR and MDF increased significantly with advanced dilation, suggesting increasing uterine excitability accompanied by more frequent contractions. Correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between these indices and cervical dilation. By contrast, in Band 3, SampEn decreased with advanced dilation, suggesting more synchronized and regular contractions.

Conclusion

EHG indices in Bands 2 and 3 may serve as complementary, noninvasive, and innocuous biomarkers of labor progression. In Band 2, increases in ZCR and MDF reflect heightened uterine excitability, while in Band 3, decreased SampEn suggests more synchronized contractions. These findings may improve labor monitoring by providing real-time insights to support clinical decisions, and potentially enhance maternal and neonatal outcomes.