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<p>Constructing acid-resistant materials is crucial for extracting gold from electronic waste (e-waste), as we typically use acid to dissolve e-waste before extraction. Traditional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are mainly focused on reversible aldoamine condensation reaction, creating a big concern in their acid resistance. To this end, we show herein the use of the irreversible Zincke reaction for preparing acid-resistant COF of TAPT-TNV, showing an impressive acid resistance even from 12 M HCl and 6 M HNO<sub>3</sub>. More attractively, the Zincke reaction also endows TAPT-TNV with a cationic skeleton, along with Cl<sup>−</sup> ion as counterion. The above advantage in TAPT-TNV makes it capture Au quickly with a fast adsorption kinetics within 30 min and a big capacity of as high as 1835.5 mg/g from a Au solution at pH = 1. Mechanism study reveals a major contribution from anion exchange between Cl<sup>−</sup> and AuCl<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> and a small contribution from chemical reduction of the triazine unit. TAPT-TNV demonstrated an impressive recovery rate of 99.42% for gold from real e-waste leachates, highlighting its superior applicability in this field. This work offers a unique perspective on COF chemistry through the use of the Zincke reaction for gold recovery from e-waste.</p>

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Construction of an acid-tolerant cationic COF by Zincke reaction for efficient recovery of gold from e-waste via anion exchange and chemical reduction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月30日

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  • Xing Liu,
  • Yanqi Tang,
  • Yuting Yang,
  • Zhiwu Yu,
  • Feng Luo

摘要

Constructing acid-resistant materials is crucial for extracting gold from electronic waste (e-waste), as we typically use acid to dissolve e-waste before extraction. Traditional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are mainly focused on reversible aldoamine condensation reaction, creating a big concern in their acid resistance. To this end, we show herein the use of the irreversible Zincke reaction for preparing acid-resistant COF of TAPT-TNV, showing an impressive acid resistance even from 12 M HCl and 6 M HNO3. More attractively, the Zincke reaction also endows TAPT-TNV with a cationic skeleton, along with Cl− ion as counterion. The above advantage in TAPT-TNV makes it capture Au quickly with a fast adsorption kinetics within 30 min and a big capacity of as high as 1835.5 mg/g from a Au solution at pH = 1. Mechanism study reveals a major contribution from anion exchange between Cl− and AuCl4− and a small contribution from chemical reduction of the triazine unit. TAPT-TNV demonstrated an impressive recovery rate of 99.42% for gold from real e-waste leachates, highlighting its superior applicability in this field. This work offers a unique perspective on COF chemistry through the use of the Zincke reaction for gold recovery from e-waste.