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<p>The development of catalysts with highly efficient oxygen evolution performance and low-Ir loading is key to scaling up the application of proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis technology. Here, an Ir-skin catalyst (Ir@KM) is realized on a potassium-manganese oxide (K<sub>0.25</sub>MnO<sub><i>x</i></sub> (KM)) using an ion-exchange method. The Ir-skin over the prepared Ir@KM has a low Ir–Ir atomic distance, endowing an energetically favorable oxide path mechanism to allow a low theoretical overpotential of 0.13 V. Ir@KM offers a low overpotential of ∼280 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> and provides a high mass activity of up to 18,500 A at a cell voltage of 1.8 V in PEM, which is 17.6 times higher than that of IrO<sub>2</sub>, demonstrating a significant advantage in reducing the cost of the membrane electrode. The presented Ir-skin concept represents a promising strategy to fabricate low-Ir catalyst with high activity and durability for practical applications of PEM.</p>

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Rational design of atomic skin layers with low Ir–Ir atomic distance for highly efficient OER catalysts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月7日

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  • Zhen Zeng,
  • Yuling Hu,
  • Yun Liu,
  • Hao Zhang,
  • Wenjuan Shi,
  • Zhenye Kang,
  • Yuliang Yuan,
  • Wei Sun,
  • Xinlong Tian

摘要

The development of catalysts with highly efficient oxygen evolution performance and low-Ir loading is key to scaling up the application of proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis technology. Here, an Ir-skin catalyst (Ir@KM) is realized on a potassium-manganese oxide (K0.25MnOx (KM)) using an ion-exchange method. The Ir-skin over the prepared Ir@KM has a low Ir–Ir atomic distance, endowing an energetically favorable oxide path mechanism to allow a low theoretical overpotential of 0.13 V. Ir@KM offers a low overpotential of ∼280 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and provides a high mass activity of up to 18,500 A at a cell voltage of 1.8 V in PEM, which is 17.6 times higher than that of IrO2, demonstrating a significant advantage in reducing the cost of the membrane electrode. The presented Ir-skin concept represents a promising strategy to fabricate low-Ir catalyst with high activity and durability for practical applications of PEM.