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<p>Organic solar cells (OSCs) have seen significant performance enhancements through various strategies, notably the incorporation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as hole transport layers (HTLs). SAMs improve hole-trapping efficiency, align electrode work functions with active layer energy levels, and reduce carrier transport barriers. Unlike traditional PEDOT:PSS, SAMs lack corrosive sulfonic acid groups, thereby enhancing device stability. Their ultrathin nature minimizes parasitic absorption and reduces material consumption, making them suitable for large-area device fabrication. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the development and application of various SAMs employed as HTLs in OSCs, focusing on molecular design and device engineering. We discuss how structural factors, such as anchoring group selection, linker length, and end-group nature, affect self-assembly quality and charge transport properties. Optimization strategies are proposed, addressing key molecular design and device processing considerations. Finally, we highlight surface coverage and stability challenges, suggesting future research directions to overcome these issues and advance SAM applications in OSCs.</p>

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Self-assembled monolayers as hole transport layers in organic solar cells: progress in molecular design and device engineering

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Wenchao Zhao,
  • Longfei Jia,
  • Bowen Duan,
  • Yongdie Yan,
  • Kuan Ding,
  • Maoheng Wu,
  • Vakhobjon Kuvondikov,
  • Yaxiong Li,
  • Ruizhi Zhang,
  • Sunsun Li

摘要

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have seen significant performance enhancements through various strategies, notably the incorporation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as hole transport layers (HTLs). SAMs improve hole-trapping efficiency, align electrode work functions with active layer energy levels, and reduce carrier transport barriers. Unlike traditional PEDOT:PSS, SAMs lack corrosive sulfonic acid groups, thereby enhancing device stability. Their ultrathin nature minimizes parasitic absorption and reduces material consumption, making them suitable for large-area device fabrication. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the development and application of various SAMs employed as HTLs in OSCs, focusing on molecular design and device engineering. We discuss how structural factors, such as anchoring group selection, linker length, and end-group nature, affect self-assembly quality and charge transport properties. Optimization strategies are proposed, addressing key molecular design and device processing considerations. Finally, we highlight surface coverage and stability challenges, suggesting future research directions to overcome these issues and advance SAM applications in OSCs.