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<p>Stimuli-responsive room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials face challenges in environmental robustness and spatiotemporal controllability, particularly for oxygen- and temperature-sensitive applications. Here, by taking advantage of the high oxygen-permeability barrier of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and its photochemical reaction toward certain polyaromatic hydrocarbons, we present phenanthrene- and triphenylene-doped PVA films that exhibit photoactivatable and persistent RTP, with an observable afterglow time &gt;70 s by the naked eye, likely via a kinetically trapped radical pathway. Specifically, such UV-enhanced persistent RTP occurs under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, contrasting with a regular RTP turn-on mechanism via photo-induced molecular oxygen depletion. The activated RTP state shows temperature-dependent kinetic persistence, i.e., lasting ∼5 h at 25°C vs. ∼72 h at 4°C, creating irreversible RTP switching from “on” to “off” ideal for cumulative temperature monitoring. The PVA-based ink patterns printed on perishables (e.g., fresh milk bottles) can be used to quantify ambient exposure via RTP decay kinetics (relative intensity loss &gt;84.2% after 3 h at 25°C vs. at 4°C). The current study establishes a kinetic-control strategy for designing programmable RTP materials, addressing unmet needs in smart sensing and quality assurance.</p>

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Oxygen-independent photoactivation of kinetically trapped persistent room-temperature phosphorescence state for smart cold-chain monitoring

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月8日

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  • Shulin Liu,
  • Chensheng Li,
  • Weijia Xie,
  • Aoyuan Cheng,
  • Yingxiao Mu,
  • Yanping Huo,
  • Fushun Liang,
  • Guoqing Zhang

摘要

Stimuli-responsive room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials face challenges in environmental robustness and spatiotemporal controllability, particularly for oxygen- and temperature-sensitive applications. Here, by taking advantage of the high oxygen-permeability barrier of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and its photochemical reaction toward certain polyaromatic hydrocarbons, we present phenanthrene- and triphenylene-doped PVA films that exhibit photoactivatable and persistent RTP, with an observable afterglow time >70 s by the naked eye, likely via a kinetically trapped radical pathway. Specifically, such UV-enhanced persistent RTP occurs under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, contrasting with a regular RTP turn-on mechanism via photo-induced molecular oxygen depletion. The activated RTP state shows temperature-dependent kinetic persistence, i.e., lasting ∼5 h at 25°C vs. ∼72 h at 4°C, creating irreversible RTP switching from “on” to “off” ideal for cumulative temperature monitoring. The PVA-based ink patterns printed on perishables (e.g., fresh milk bottles) can be used to quantify ambient exposure via RTP decay kinetics (relative intensity loss >84.2% after 3 h at 25°C vs. at 4°C). The current study establishes a kinetic-control strategy for designing programmable RTP materials, addressing unmet needs in smart sensing and quality assurance.